netlink_packet_route/rtnl/link/nlas/

link_infos.rs

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

use anyhow::Context;
use byteorder::{BigEndian, ByteOrder, NativeEndian};
use netlink_packet_utils::{
    nla::{DefaultNla, Nla, NlaBuffer, NlasIterator},
    parsers::{
        parse_i32, parse_mac, parse_string, parse_u16, parse_u16_be, parse_u32,
        parse_u64, parse_u8,
    },
    traits::{Emitable, Parseable},
    DecodeError,
};

use super::{bond::InfoBond, bond_port::InfoBondPort, bridge::InfoBridge};
use crate::{constants::*, LinkMessage, LinkMessageBuffer};

const DUMMY: &str = "dummy";
const IFB: &str = "ifb";
const BRIDGE: &str = "bridge";
const TUN: &str = "tun";
const NLMON: &str = "nlmon";
const VLAN: &str = "vlan";
const VETH: &str = "veth";
const VXLAN: &str = "vxlan";
const BOND: &str = "bond";
const IPVLAN: &str = "ipvlan";
const MACVLAN: &str = "macvlan";
const MACVTAP: &str = "macvtap";
const GRETAP: &str = "gretap";
const IP6GRETAP: &str = "ip6gretap";
const IPIP: &str = "ipip";
const SIT: &str = "sit";
const GRE: &str = "gre";
const IP6GRE: &str = "ip6gre";
const VTI: &str = "vti";
const VRF: &str = "vrf";
const GTP: &str = "gtp";
const IPOIB: &str = "ipoib";
const WIREGUARD: &str = "wireguard";
const XFRM: &str = "xfrm";
const MACSEC: &str = "macsec";

#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Clone)]
#[non_exhaustive]
pub enum Info {
    Unspec(Vec<u8>),
    Xstats(Vec<u8>),
    Kind(InfoKind),
    Data(InfoData),
    PortKind(InfoPortKind),
    PortData(InfoPortData),
}

impl Nla for Info {
    #[rustfmt::skip]
    fn value_len(&self) -> usize {
        use self::Info::*;
        match self {
            Unspec(ref bytes)
                | Xstats(ref bytes)
                => bytes.len(),
            Kind(ref nla) => nla.value_len(),
            Data(ref nla) => nla.value_len(),
            PortKind(ref nla) => nla.value_len(),
            PortData(ref nla) => nla.value_len(),
        }
    }

    #[rustfmt::skip]
    fn emit_value(&self, buffer: &mut [u8]) {
        use self::Info::*;
        match self {
            Unspec(ref bytes)
                | Xstats(ref bytes)
                => buffer.copy_from_slice(bytes),
            Kind(ref nla) => nla.emit_value(buffer),
            Data(ref nla) => nla.emit_value(buffer),
            PortKind(ref nla) => nla.emit_value(buffer),
            PortData(ref nla) => nla.emit_value(buffer),
        }
    }

    fn kind(&self) -> u16 {
        use self::Info::*;
        match self {
            Unspec(_) => IFLA_INFO_UNSPEC,
            Xstats(_) => IFLA_INFO_XSTATS,
            PortKind(_) => IFLA_INFO_PORT_KIND,
            PortData(_) => IFLA_INFO_PORT_DATA,
            Kind(_) => IFLA_INFO_KIND,
            Data(_) => IFLA_INFO_DATA,
        }
    }
}

pub(crate) struct VecInfo(pub(crate) Vec<Info>);

// We cannot `impl Parseable<_> for Info` because some attributes
// depend on each other. To parse IFLA_INFO_DATA we first need to
// parse the preceding IFLA_INFO_KIND for example.
//
// Moreover, with cannot `impl Parseable for Vec<Info>` due to the
// orphan rule: `Parseable` and `Vec<_>` are both defined outside of
// this crate. Thus, we create this internal VecInfo struct that wraps
// `Vec<Info>` and allows us to circumvent the orphan rule.
//
// The downside is that this impl will not be exposed.
impl<'a, T: AsRef<[u8]> + ?Sized> Parseable<NlaBuffer<&'a T>> for VecInfo {
    fn parse(buf: &NlaBuffer<&'a T>) -> Result<Self, DecodeError> {
        let mut res = Vec::new();
        let nlas = NlasIterator::new(buf.into_inner());
        let mut link_info_kind: Option<InfoKind> = None;
        let mut link_info_port_kind: Option<InfoPortKind> = None;
        for nla in nlas {
            let nla = nla?;
            match nla.kind() {
                IFLA_INFO_UNSPEC => {
                    res.push(Info::Unspec(nla.value().to_vec()))
                }
                IFLA_INFO_XSTATS => {
                    res.push(Info::Xstats(nla.value().to_vec()))
                }
                IFLA_INFO_PORT_KIND => {
                    let parsed = InfoPortKind::parse(&nla)?;
                    res.push(Info::PortKind(parsed.clone()));
                    link_info_port_kind = Some(parsed);
                }
                IFLA_INFO_PORT_DATA => {
                    if let Some(link_info_port_kind) = link_info_port_kind {
                        let payload = nla.value();
                        let info_port_data = match link_info_port_kind {
                            InfoPortKind::Bond => {
                                let mut v = Vec::new();
                                let err =
                                        "failed to parse IFLA_INFO_PORT_DATA (IFLA_INFO_PORT_KIND is 'bond')";
                                for nla in NlasIterator::new(payload) {
                                    let nla = &nla.context(err)?;
                                    let parsed = InfoBondPort::parse(nla)
                                        .context(err)?;
                                    v.push(parsed);
                                }
                                InfoPortData::BondPort(v)
                            }
                            InfoPortKind::Other(_) => {
                                InfoPortData::Other(payload.to_vec())
                            }
                        };
                        res.push(Info::PortData(info_port_data));
                    } else {
                        return Err("IFLA_INFO_PORT_DATA is not preceded by an IFLA_INFO_PORT_KIND".into());
                    }
                    link_info_port_kind = None;
                }
                IFLA_INFO_KIND => {
                    let parsed = InfoKind::parse(&nla)?;
                    res.push(Info::Kind(parsed.clone()));
                    link_info_kind = Some(parsed);
                }
                IFLA_INFO_DATA => {
                    if let Some(link_info_kind) = link_info_kind {
                        let payload = nla.value();
                        let info_data = match link_info_kind {
                            InfoKind::Dummy => {
                                InfoData::Dummy(payload.to_vec())
                            }
                            InfoKind::Ifb => InfoData::Ifb(payload.to_vec()),
                            InfoKind::Bridge => {
                                let mut v = Vec::new();
                                let err =
                                    "failed to parse IFLA_INFO_DATA (IFLA_INFO_KIND is 'bridge')";
                                for nla in NlasIterator::new(payload) {
                                    let nla = &nla.context(err)?;
                                    let parsed =
                                        InfoBridge::parse(nla).context(err)?;
                                    v.push(parsed);
                                }
                                InfoData::Bridge(v)
                            }
                            InfoKind::Vlan => {
                                let mut v = Vec::new();
                                let err =
                                    "failed to parse IFLA_INFO_DATA (IFLA_INFO_KIND is 'vlan')";
                                for nla in NlasIterator::new(payload) {
                                    let nla = &nla.context(err)?;
                                    let parsed =
                                        InfoVlan::parse(nla).context(err)?;
                                    v.push(parsed);
                                }
                                InfoData::Vlan(v)
                            }
                            InfoKind::Tun => InfoData::Tun(payload.to_vec()),
                            InfoKind::Nlmon => {
                                InfoData::Nlmon(payload.to_vec())
                            }
                            InfoKind::Veth => {
                                let err =
                                    "failed to parse IFLA_INFO_DATA (IFLA_INFO_KIND is 'veth')";
                                let nla_buf = NlaBuffer::new_checked(&payload)
                                    .context(err)?;
                                let parsed =
                                    VethInfo::parse(&nla_buf).context(err)?;
                                InfoData::Veth(parsed)
                            }
                            InfoKind::Vxlan => {
                                let mut v = Vec::new();
                                let err =
                                    "failed to parse IFLA_INFO_DATA (IFLA_INFO_KIND is 'vxlan')";
                                for nla in NlasIterator::new(payload) {
                                    let nla = &nla.context(err)?;
                                    let parsed =
                                        InfoVxlan::parse(nla).context(err)?;
                                    v.push(parsed);
                                }
                                InfoData::Vxlan(v)
                            }
                            InfoKind::Bond => {
                                let mut v = Vec::new();
                                let err =
                                    "failed to parse IFLA_INFO_DATA (IFLA_INFO_KIND is 'bond')";
                                for nla in NlasIterator::new(payload) {
                                    let nla = &nla.context(err)?;
                                    let parsed =
                                        InfoBond::parse(nla).context(err)?;
                                    v.push(parsed);
                                }
                                InfoData::Bond(v)
                            }
                            InfoKind::IpVlan => {
                                let mut v = Vec::new();
                                let err =
                                    "failed to parse IFLA_INFO_DATA (IFLA_INFO_KIND is 'ipvlan')";
                                for nla in NlasIterator::new(payload) {
                                    let nla = &nla.context(err)?;
                                    let parsed =
                                        InfoIpVlan::parse(nla).context(err)?;
                                    v.push(parsed);
                                }
                                InfoData::IpVlan(v)
                            }
                            InfoKind::MacVlan => {
                                let mut v = Vec::new();
                                let err =
                                    "failed to parse IFLA_INFO_DATA (IFLA_INFO_KIND is 'macvlan')";
                                for nla in NlasIterator::new(payload) {
                                    let nla = &nla.context(err)?;
                                    let parsed =
                                        InfoMacVlan::parse(nla).context(err)?;
                                    v.push(parsed);
                                }
                                InfoData::MacVlan(v)
                            }
                            InfoKind::MacVtap => {
                                let mut v = Vec::new();
                                let err =
                                    "failed to parse IFLA_INFO_DATA (IFLA_INFO_KIND is 'macvtap')";
                                for nla in NlasIterator::new(payload) {
                                    let nla = &nla.context(err)?;
                                    let parsed =
                                        InfoMacVtap::parse(nla).context(err)?;
                                    v.push(parsed);
                                }
                                InfoData::MacVtap(v)
                            }
                            InfoKind::GreTap => {
                                InfoData::GreTap(payload.to_vec())
                            }
                            InfoKind::GreTap6 => {
                                InfoData::GreTap6(payload.to_vec())
                            }
                            InfoKind::IpTun => {
                                InfoData::IpTun(payload.to_vec())
                            }
                            InfoKind::SitTun => {
                                InfoData::SitTun(payload.to_vec())
                            }
                            InfoKind::GreTun => {
                                InfoData::GreTun(payload.to_vec())
                            }
                            InfoKind::GreTun6 => {
                                InfoData::GreTun6(payload.to_vec())
                            }
                            InfoKind::Vti => InfoData::Vti(payload.to_vec()),
                            InfoKind::Vrf => {
                                let mut v = Vec::new();
                                let err =
                                    "failed to parse IFLA_INFO_DATA (IFLA_INFO_KIND is 'vrf')";
                                for nla in NlasIterator::new(payload) {
                                    let nla = &nla.context(err)?;
                                    let parsed =
                                        InfoVrf::parse(nla).context(err)?;
                                    v.push(parsed);
                                }
                                InfoData::Vrf(v)
                            }
                            InfoKind::Gtp => InfoData::Gtp(payload.to_vec()),
                            InfoKind::Ipoib => {
                                let mut v = Vec::new();
                                let err =
                                    "failed to parse IFLA_INFO_DATA (IFLA_INFO_KIND is 'ipoib')";
                                for nla in NlasIterator::new(payload) {
                                    let nla = &nla.context(err)?;
                                    let parsed =
                                        InfoIpoib::parse(nla).context(err)?;
                                    v.push(parsed);
                                }
                                InfoData::Ipoib(v)
                            }
                            InfoKind::Wireguard => {
                                InfoData::Wireguard(payload.to_vec())
                            }
                            InfoKind::Other(_) => {
                                InfoData::Other(payload.to_vec())
                            }
                            InfoKind::Xfrm => {
                                let mut v = Vec::new();
                                let err =
                                    "failed to parse IFLA_INFO_DATA (IFLA_INFO_KIND is 'Xfrm')";
                                for nla in NlasIterator::new(payload) {
                                    let nla = &nla.context(err)?;
                                    let parsed =
                                        InfoXfrmTun::parse(nla).context(err)?;
                                    v.push(parsed);
                                }
                                InfoData::Xfrm(v)
                            }
                            InfoKind::MacSec => {
                                let mut v = Vec::new();
                                let err = "failed to parse IFLA_INFO_DATA (IFLA_INFO_KIND is 'macsec')";
                                for nla in NlasIterator::new(payload) {
                                    let nla = &nla.context(err)?;
                                    let parsed =
                                        InfoMacSec::parse(nla).context(err)?;
                                    v.push(parsed);
                                }
                                InfoData::MacSec(v)
                            }
                        };
                        res.push(Info::Data(info_data));
                    } else {
                        return Err("IFLA_INFO_DATA is not preceded by an IFLA_INFO_KIND".into());
                    }
                    link_info_kind = None;
                }
                _ => {
                    return Err(
                        format!("unknown NLA type {}", nla.kind()).into()
                    )
                }
            }
        }
        Ok(VecInfo(res))
    }
}

#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Clone)]
#[non_exhaustive]
pub enum InfoData {
    Bridge(Vec<InfoBridge>),
    Tun(Vec<u8>),
    Nlmon(Vec<u8>),
    Vlan(Vec<InfoVlan>),
    Dummy(Vec<u8>),
    Ifb(Vec<u8>),
    Veth(VethInfo),
    Vxlan(Vec<InfoVxlan>),
    Bond(Vec<InfoBond>),
    IpVlan(Vec<InfoIpVlan>),
    MacVlan(Vec<InfoMacVlan>),
    MacVtap(Vec<InfoMacVtap>),
    GreTap(Vec<u8>),
    GreTap6(Vec<u8>),
    IpTun(Vec<u8>),
    SitTun(Vec<u8>),
    GreTun(Vec<u8>),
    GreTun6(Vec<u8>),
    Vti(Vec<u8>),
    Vrf(Vec<InfoVrf>),
    Gtp(Vec<u8>),
    Ipoib(Vec<InfoIpoib>),
    Wireguard(Vec<u8>),
    Xfrm(Vec<InfoXfrmTun>),
    MacSec(Vec<InfoMacSec>),
    Other(Vec<u8>),
}

impl Nla for InfoData {
    #[rustfmt::skip]
    fn value_len(&self) -> usize {
        use self::InfoData::*;
        match self {
            Bond(ref nlas) => nlas.as_slice().buffer_len(),
            Bridge(ref nlas) => nlas.as_slice().buffer_len(),
            Vlan(ref nlas) =>  nlas.as_slice().buffer_len(),
            Veth(ref msg) => msg.buffer_len(),
            IpVlan(ref nlas) => nlas.as_slice().buffer_len(),
            Ipoib(ref nlas) => nlas.as_slice().buffer_len(),
            MacVlan(ref nlas) => nlas.as_slice().buffer_len(),
            MacVtap(ref nlas) => nlas.as_slice().buffer_len(),
            Vrf(ref nlas) => nlas.as_slice().buffer_len(),
            Vxlan(ref nlas) => nlas.as_slice().buffer_len(),
            Xfrm(ref nlas)  => nlas.as_slice().buffer_len(),
            MacSec(ref nlas) => nlas.as_slice().buffer_len(),
            Dummy(ref bytes)
                | Tun(ref bytes)
                | Nlmon(ref bytes)
                | Ifb(ref bytes)
                | GreTap(ref bytes)
                | GreTap6(ref bytes)
                | IpTun(ref bytes)
                | SitTun(ref bytes)
                | GreTun(ref bytes)
                | GreTun6(ref bytes)
                | Vti(ref bytes)
                | Gtp(ref bytes)
                | Wireguard(ref bytes)
                | Other(ref bytes)
                => bytes.len(),
        }
    }

    #[rustfmt::skip]
    fn emit_value(&self, buffer: &mut [u8]) {
        use self::InfoData::*;
        match self {
            Bond(ref nlas) => nlas.as_slice().emit(buffer),
            Bridge(ref nlas) => nlas.as_slice().emit(buffer),
            Vlan(ref nlas) => nlas.as_slice().emit(buffer),
            Veth(ref msg) => msg.emit(buffer),
            IpVlan(ref nlas) => nlas.as_slice().emit(buffer),
            Ipoib(ref nlas) => nlas.as_slice().emit(buffer),
            MacVlan(ref nlas) => nlas.as_slice().emit(buffer),
            MacVtap(ref nlas) => nlas.as_slice().emit(buffer),
            Vrf(ref nlas) => nlas.as_slice().emit(buffer),
            Vxlan(ref nlas) => nlas.as_slice().emit(buffer),
            Xfrm(ref nlas)  => nlas.as_slice().emit(buffer),
            MacSec(ref nlas) => nlas.as_slice().emit(buffer),
            Dummy(ref bytes)
                | Tun(ref bytes)
                | Nlmon(ref bytes)
                | Ifb(ref bytes)
                | GreTap(ref bytes)
                | GreTap6(ref bytes)
                | IpTun(ref bytes)
                | SitTun(ref bytes)
                | GreTun(ref bytes)
                | GreTun6(ref bytes)
                | Vti(ref bytes)
                | Gtp(ref bytes)
                | Wireguard(ref bytes)
                | Other(ref bytes)
                => buffer.copy_from_slice(bytes),
        }
    }

    fn kind(&self) -> u16 {
        IFLA_INFO_DATA
    }
}

#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Clone)]
#[non_exhaustive]
pub enum InfoPortData {
    BondPort(Vec<InfoBondPort>),
    Other(Vec<u8>),
}

impl Nla for InfoPortData {
    #[rustfmt::skip]
    fn value_len(&self) -> usize {
        use self::InfoPortData::*;
        match self {
            BondPort(ref nlas) => nlas.as_slice().buffer_len(),
            Other(ref bytes) => bytes.len(),
        }
    }

    #[rustfmt::skip]
    fn emit_value(&self, buffer: &mut [u8]) {
        use self::InfoPortData::*;
        match self {
            BondPort(ref nlas) => nlas.as_slice().emit(buffer),
            Other(ref bytes) => buffer.copy_from_slice(bytes),
        }
    }

    fn kind(&self) -> u16 {
        IFLA_INFO_PORT_DATA
    }
}

#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Clone)]
#[non_exhaustive]
pub enum InfoKind {
    Dummy,
    Ifb,
    Bridge,
    Tun,
    Nlmon,
    Vlan,
    Veth,
    Vxlan,
    Bond,
    IpVlan,
    MacVlan,
    MacVtap,
    GreTap,
    GreTap6,
    IpTun,
    SitTun,
    GreTun,
    GreTun6,
    Vti,
    Vrf,
    Gtp,
    Ipoib,
    Wireguard,
    Xfrm,
    MacSec,
    Other(String),
}

impl Nla for InfoKind {
    fn value_len(&self) -> usize {
        use self::InfoKind::*;
        let len = match *self {
            Dummy => DUMMY.len(),
            Ifb => IFB.len(),
            Bridge => BRIDGE.len(),
            Tun => TUN.len(),
            Nlmon => NLMON.len(),
            Vlan => VLAN.len(),
            Veth => VETH.len(),
            Vxlan => VXLAN.len(),
            Bond => BOND.len(),
            IpVlan => IPVLAN.len(),
            MacVlan => MACVLAN.len(),
            MacVtap => MACVTAP.len(),
            GreTap => GRETAP.len(),
            GreTap6 => IP6GRETAP.len(),
            IpTun => IPIP.len(),
            SitTun => SIT.len(),
            GreTun => GRE.len(),
            GreTun6 => IP6GRE.len(),
            Vti => VTI.len(),
            Vrf => VRF.len(),
            Gtp => GTP.len(),
            Ipoib => IPOIB.len(),
            Wireguard => WIREGUARD.len(),
            Xfrm => XFRM.len(),
            MacSec => MACSEC.len(),
            Other(ref s) => s.len(),
        };
        len + 1
    }

    fn emit_value(&self, buffer: &mut [u8]) {
        use self::InfoKind::*;
        let s = match *self {
            Dummy => DUMMY,
            Ifb => IFB,
            Bridge => BRIDGE,
            Tun => TUN,
            Nlmon => NLMON,
            Vlan => VLAN,
            Veth => VETH,
            Vxlan => VXLAN,
            Bond => BOND,
            IpVlan => IPVLAN,
            MacVlan => MACVLAN,
            MacVtap => MACVTAP,
            GreTap => GRETAP,
            GreTap6 => IP6GRETAP,
            IpTun => IPIP,
            SitTun => SIT,
            GreTun => GRE,
            GreTun6 => IP6GRE,
            Vti => VTI,
            Vrf => VRF,
            Gtp => GTP,
            Ipoib => IPOIB,
            Wireguard => WIREGUARD,
            Xfrm => XFRM,
            MacSec => MACSEC,
            Other(ref s) => s.as_str(),
        };
        buffer[..s.len()].copy_from_slice(s.as_bytes());
        buffer[s.len()] = 0;
    }

    fn kind(&self) -> u16 {
        IFLA_INFO_KIND
    }
}

impl<'a, T: AsRef<[u8]> + ?Sized> Parseable<NlaBuffer<&'a T>> for InfoKind {
    fn parse(buf: &NlaBuffer<&'a T>) -> Result<InfoKind, DecodeError> {
        use self::InfoKind::*;
        if buf.kind() != IFLA_INFO_KIND {
            return Err(format!(
                "failed to parse IFLA_INFO_KIND: NLA type is {}",
                buf.kind()
            )
            .into());
        }
        let s = parse_string(buf.value())
            .context("invalid IFLA_INFO_KIND value")?;
        Ok(match s.as_str() {
            DUMMY => Dummy,
            IFB => Ifb,
            BRIDGE => Bridge,
            TUN => Tun,
            NLMON => Nlmon,
            VLAN => Vlan,
            VETH => Veth,
            VXLAN => Vxlan,
            BOND => Bond,
            IPVLAN => IpVlan,
            MACVLAN => MacVlan,
            MACVTAP => MacVtap,
            GRETAP => GreTap,
            IP6GRETAP => GreTap6,
            IPIP => IpTun,
            SIT => SitTun,
            GRE => GreTun,
            IP6GRE => GreTun6,
            VTI => Vti,
            VRF => Vrf,
            GTP => Gtp,
            IPOIB => Ipoib,
            WIREGUARD => Wireguard,
            MACSEC => MacSec,
            _ => Other(s),
        })
    }
}

#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Clone)]
#[non_exhaustive]
pub enum InfoPortKind {
    Bond,
    Other(String),
}

impl Nla for InfoPortKind {
    fn value_len(&self) -> usize {
        use self::InfoPortKind::*;
        let len = match *self {
            Bond => BOND.len(),
            Other(ref s) => s.len(),
        };
        len + 1
    }

    fn emit_value(&self, buffer: &mut [u8]) {
        use self::InfoPortKind::*;
        let s = match *self {
            Bond => BOND,
            Other(ref s) => s.as_str(),
        };
        buffer[..s.len()].copy_from_slice(s.as_bytes());
        buffer[s.len()] = 0;
    }

    fn kind(&self) -> u16 {
        IFLA_INFO_PORT_KIND
    }
}

impl<'a, T: AsRef<[u8]> + ?Sized> Parseable<NlaBuffer<&'a T>> for InfoPortKind {
    fn parse(buf: &NlaBuffer<&'a T>) -> Result<InfoPortKind, DecodeError> {
        use self::InfoPortKind::*;
        if buf.kind() != IFLA_INFO_PORT_KIND {
            return Err(format!(
                "failed to parse IFLA_INFO_PORT_KIND: NLA type is {}",
                buf.kind()
            )
            .into());
        }
        let s = parse_string(buf.value())
            .context("invalid IFLA_INFO_PORT_KIND value")?;
        Ok(match s.as_str() {
            BOND => Bond,
            _ => Other(s),
        })
    }
}

// https://elixir.bootlin.com/linux/v5.9.8/source/drivers/net/vxlan.c#L3332
#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Clone)]
#[non_exhaustive]
pub enum InfoVxlan {
    Unspec(Vec<u8>),
    Id(u32),
    Group(Vec<u8>),
    Group6(Vec<u8>),
    Link(u32),
    Local(Vec<u8>),
    Local6(Vec<u8>),
    Tos(u8),
    Ttl(u8),
    Label(u32),
    Learning(u8),
    Ageing(u32),
    Limit(u32),
    PortRange((u16, u16)),
    Proxy(u8),
    Rsc(u8),
    L2Miss(u8),
    L3Miss(u8),
    CollectMetadata(u8),
    Port(u16),
    UDPCsum(u8),
    UDPZeroCsumTX(u8),
    UDPZeroCsumRX(u8),
    RemCsumTX(u8),
    RemCsumRX(u8),
    Gbp(u8),
    Gpe(u8),
    RemCsumNoPartial(u8),
    TtlInherit(u8),
    Df(u8),
}

impl Nla for InfoVxlan {
    #[rustfmt::skip]
    fn value_len(&self) -> usize {
        use self::InfoVxlan::*;
        match *self {
            Tos(_)
                | Ttl(_)
                | Learning(_)
                | Proxy(_)
                | Rsc(_)
                | L2Miss(_)
                | L3Miss(_)
                | CollectMetadata(_)
                | UDPCsum(_)
                | UDPZeroCsumTX(_)
                | UDPZeroCsumRX(_)
                | RemCsumTX(_)
                | RemCsumRX(_)
                | Gbp(_)
                | Gpe(_)
                | RemCsumNoPartial(_)
                | TtlInherit(_)
                | Df(_)
            => 1,
            Port(_) => 2,
            Id(_)
                | Label(_)
                | Link(_)
                | Ageing(_)
                | Limit(_)
                | PortRange(_)
            => 4,
            Local(ref bytes)
                | Local6(ref bytes)
                | Group(ref bytes)
                | Group6(ref bytes)
                | Unspec(ref bytes)
            => bytes.len(),
        }
    }

    #[rustfmt::skip]
    fn emit_value(&self, buffer: &mut [u8]) {
        use self::InfoVxlan::*;
        match self {
            Unspec(ref bytes) => buffer.copy_from_slice(bytes),
            Id(ref value)
                | Label(ref value)
                | Link(ref value)
                | Ageing(ref value)
                | Limit(ref value)
            => NativeEndian::write_u32(buffer, *value),
            Tos(ref value)
                | Ttl(ref value)
                | Learning (ref value)
                | Proxy(ref value)
                | Rsc(ref value)
                | L2Miss(ref value)
                | L3Miss(ref value)
                | CollectMetadata(ref value)
                | UDPCsum(ref value)
                | UDPZeroCsumTX(ref value)
                | UDPZeroCsumRX(ref value)
                | RemCsumTX(ref value)
                | RemCsumRX(ref value)
                | Gbp(ref value)
                | Gpe(ref value)
                | RemCsumNoPartial(ref value)
                | TtlInherit(ref value)
                | Df(ref value)
            =>  buffer[0] = *value,
            Local(ref value)
                | Group(ref value)
                | Group6(ref value)
                | Local6(ref value)
            => buffer.copy_from_slice(value.as_slice()),
            Port(ref value) => BigEndian::write_u16(buffer, *value),
            PortRange(ref range) => {
                BigEndian::write_u16(buffer, range.0);
                BigEndian::write_u16(&mut buffer[2..], range.1)
            }
        }
    }

    fn kind(&self) -> u16 {
        use self::InfoVxlan::*;

        match self {
            Id(_) => IFLA_VXLAN_ID,
            Group(_) => IFLA_VXLAN_GROUP,
            Group6(_) => IFLA_VXLAN_GROUP6,
            Link(_) => IFLA_VXLAN_LINK,
            Local(_) => IFLA_VXLAN_LOCAL,
            Local6(_) => IFLA_VXLAN_LOCAL6,
            Tos(_) => IFLA_VXLAN_TOS,
            Ttl(_) => IFLA_VXLAN_TTL,
            Label(_) => IFLA_VXLAN_LABEL,
            Learning(_) => IFLA_VXLAN_LEARNING,
            Ageing(_) => IFLA_VXLAN_AGEING,
            Limit(_) => IFLA_VXLAN_LIMIT,
            PortRange(_) => IFLA_VXLAN_PORT_RANGE,
            Proxy(_) => IFLA_VXLAN_PROXY,
            Rsc(_) => IFLA_VXLAN_RSC,
            L2Miss(_) => IFLA_VXLAN_L2MISS,
            L3Miss(_) => IFLA_VXLAN_L3MISS,
            CollectMetadata(_) => IFLA_VXLAN_COLLECT_METADATA,
            Port(_) => IFLA_VXLAN_PORT,
            UDPCsum(_) => IFLA_VXLAN_UDP_CSUM,
            UDPZeroCsumTX(_) => IFLA_VXLAN_UDP_ZERO_CSUM6_TX,
            UDPZeroCsumRX(_) => IFLA_VXLAN_UDP_ZERO_CSUM6_RX,
            RemCsumTX(_) => IFLA_VXLAN_REMCSUM_TX,
            RemCsumRX(_) => IFLA_VXLAN_REMCSUM_RX,
            Gbp(_) => IFLA_VXLAN_GBP,
            Gpe(_) => IFLA_VXLAN_GPE,
            RemCsumNoPartial(_) => IFLA_VXLAN_REMCSUM_NOPARTIAL,
            TtlInherit(_) => IFLA_VXLAN_TTL_INHERIT,
            Df(_) => IFLA_VXLAN_DF,
            Unspec(_) => IFLA_VXLAN_UNSPEC,
        }
    }
}

impl<'a, T: AsRef<[u8]> + ?Sized> Parseable<NlaBuffer<&'a T>> for InfoVxlan {
    fn parse(buf: &NlaBuffer<&'a T>) -> Result<Self, DecodeError> {
        use self::InfoVxlan::*;
        let payload = buf.value();
        Ok(match buf.kind() {
            IFLA_VLAN_UNSPEC => Unspec(payload.to_vec()),
            IFLA_VXLAN_ID => {
                Id(parse_u32(payload).context("invalid IFLA_VXLAN_ID value")?)
            }
            IFLA_VXLAN_GROUP => Group(payload.to_vec()),
            IFLA_VXLAN_GROUP6 => Group6(payload.to_vec()),
            IFLA_VXLAN_LINK => Link(
                parse_u32(payload).context("invalid IFLA_VXLAN_LINK value")?,
            ),
            IFLA_VXLAN_LOCAL => Local(payload.to_vec()),
            IFLA_VXLAN_LOCAL6 => Local6(payload.to_vec()),
            IFLA_VXLAN_TOS => {
                Tos(parse_u8(payload)
                    .context("invalid IFLA_VXLAN_TOS value")?)
            }
            IFLA_VXLAN_TTL => {
                Ttl(parse_u8(payload)
                    .context("invalid IFLA_VXLAN_TTL value")?)
            }
            IFLA_VXLAN_LABEL => Label(
                parse_u32(payload).context("invalid IFLA_VXLAN_LABEL value")?,
            ),
            IFLA_VXLAN_LEARNING => Learning(
                parse_u8(payload)
                    .context("invalid IFLA_VXLAN_LEARNING value")?,
            ),
            IFLA_VXLAN_AGEING => Ageing(
                parse_u32(payload)
                    .context("invalid IFLA_VXLAN_AGEING value")?,
            ),
            IFLA_VXLAN_LIMIT => Limit(
                parse_u32(payload).context("invalid IFLA_VXLAN_LIMIT value")?,
            ),
            IFLA_VXLAN_PROXY => Proxy(
                parse_u8(payload).context("invalid IFLA_VXLAN_PROXY value")?,
            ),
            IFLA_VXLAN_RSC => {
                Rsc(parse_u8(payload)
                    .context("invalid IFLA_VXLAN_RSC value")?)
            }
            IFLA_VXLAN_L2MISS => L2Miss(
                parse_u8(payload).context("invalid IFLA_VXLAN_L2MISS value")?,
            ),
            IFLA_VXLAN_L3MISS => L3Miss(
                parse_u8(payload).context("invalid IFLA_VXLAN_L3MISS value")?,
            ),
            IFLA_VXLAN_COLLECT_METADATA => CollectMetadata(
                parse_u8(payload)
                    .context("invalid IFLA_VXLAN_COLLECT_METADATA value")?,
            ),
            IFLA_VXLAN_PORT_RANGE => {
                let err = "invalid IFLA_VXLAN_PORT value";
                if payload.len() != 4 {
                    return Err(err.into());
                }
                let low = parse_u16_be(&payload[0..2]).context(err)?;
                let high = parse_u16_be(&payload[2..]).context(err)?;
                PortRange((low, high))
            }
            IFLA_VXLAN_PORT => Port(
                parse_u16_be(payload)
                    .context("invalid IFLA_VXLAN_PORT value")?,
            ),
            IFLA_VXLAN_UDP_CSUM => UDPCsum(
                parse_u8(payload)
                    .context("invalid IFLA_VXLAN_UDP_CSUM value")?,
            ),
            IFLA_VXLAN_UDP_ZERO_CSUM6_TX => UDPZeroCsumTX(
                parse_u8(payload)
                    .context("invalid IFLA_VXLAN_UDP_ZERO_CSUM6_TX value")?,
            ),
            IFLA_VXLAN_UDP_ZERO_CSUM6_RX => UDPZeroCsumRX(
                parse_u8(payload)
                    .context("invalid IFLA_VXLAN_UDP_ZERO_CSUM6_RX value")?,
            ),
            IFLA_VXLAN_REMCSUM_TX => RemCsumTX(
                parse_u8(payload)
                    .context("invalid IFLA_VXLAN_REMCSUM_TX value")?,
            ),
            IFLA_VXLAN_REMCSUM_RX => RemCsumRX(
                parse_u8(payload)
                    .context("invalid IFLA_VXLAN_REMCSUM_RX value")?,
            ),
            IFLA_VXLAN_DF => {
                Df(parse_u8(payload).context("invalid IFLA_VXLAN_DF value")?)
            }
            IFLA_VXLAN_GBP => {
                Gbp(parse_u8(payload)
                    .context("invalid IFLA_VXLAN_GBP value")?)
            }
            IFLA_VXLAN_GPE => {
                Gpe(parse_u8(payload)
                    .context("invalid IFLA_VXLAN_GPE value")?)
            }
            IFLA_VXLAN_REMCSUM_NOPARTIAL => RemCsumNoPartial(
                parse_u8(payload)
                    .context("invalid IFLA_VXLAN_REMCSUM_NO_PARTIAL")?,
            ),
            IFLA_VXLAN_TTL_INHERIT => TtlInherit(
                parse_u8(payload)
                    .context("invalid IFLA_VXLAN_TTL_INHERIT value")?,
            ),
            __IFLA_VXLAN_MAX => Unspec(payload.to_vec()),
            _ => return Err(format!("unknown NLA type {}", buf.kind()).into()),
        })
    }
}

// https://elixir.bootlin.com/linux/latest/source/net/8021q/vlan_netlink.c#L21
#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Clone)]
#[non_exhaustive]
pub enum InfoVlan {
    Unspec(Vec<u8>),
    Id(u16),
    Flags((u32, u32)),
    EgressQos(Vec<VlanQosMapping>),
    IngressQos(Vec<VlanQosMapping>),
    Protocol(u16),
}

impl Nla for InfoVlan {
    #[rustfmt::skip]
    fn value_len(&self) -> usize {
        use self::InfoVlan::*;
        match self {
            Id(_) | Protocol(_) => 2,
            Flags(_) => 8,
            Unspec(bytes) => bytes.len(),
            EgressQos(mappings)
                | IngressQos(mappings)
            => mappings.as_slice().buffer_len(),
        }
    }

    #[rustfmt::skip]
    fn emit_value(&self, buffer: &mut [u8]) {
        use self::InfoVlan::*;
        match self {
            Unspec(ref bytes)
            => buffer.copy_from_slice(bytes),
            EgressQos(ref mappings)
                | IngressQos(ref mappings) => mappings.as_slice().emit(buffer),
            Id(ref value)
                | Protocol(ref value)
                => NativeEndian::write_u16(buffer, *value),

            Flags(ref flags) => {
                NativeEndian::write_u32(buffer, flags.0);
                NativeEndian::write_u32(buffer, flags.1)
            }
        }
    }

    fn kind(&self) -> u16 {
        use self::InfoVlan::*;
        match self {
            Unspec(_) => IFLA_VLAN_UNSPEC,
            Id(_) => IFLA_VLAN_ID,
            Flags(_) => IFLA_VLAN_FLAGS,
            EgressQos(_) => IFLA_VLAN_EGRESS_QOS,
            IngressQos(_) => IFLA_VLAN_INGRESS_QOS,
            Protocol(_) => IFLA_VLAN_PROTOCOL,
        }
    }
}

fn parse_mappings(payload: &[u8]) -> Result<Vec<VlanQosMapping>, DecodeError> {
    let mut mappings = Vec::new();
    for nla in NlasIterator::new(payload) {
        let nla = nla?;
        let parsed = VlanQosMapping::parse(&nla)?;
        mappings.push(parsed);
    }
    Ok(mappings)
}

impl<'a, T: AsRef<[u8]> + ?Sized> Parseable<NlaBuffer<&'a T>> for InfoVlan {
    fn parse(buf: &NlaBuffer<&'a T>) -> Result<Self, DecodeError> {
        use self::InfoVlan::*;
        let payload = buf.value();
        Ok(match buf.kind() {
            IFLA_VLAN_UNSPEC => Unspec(payload.to_vec()),
            IFLA_VLAN_ID => {
                Id(parse_u16(payload).context("invalid IFLA_VLAN_ID value")?)
            }
            IFLA_VLAN_FLAGS => {
                let err = "invalid IFLA_VLAN_FLAGS value";
                if payload.len() != 8 {
                    return Err(err.into());
                }
                let flags = parse_u32(&payload[0..4]).context(err)?;
                let mask = parse_u32(&payload[4..]).context(err)?;
                Flags((flags, mask))
            }
            IFLA_VLAN_EGRESS_QOS => EgressQos(
                parse_mappings(payload)
                    .context("failed to parse IFLA_VLAN_EGRESS_QOS")?,
            ),
            IFLA_VLAN_INGRESS_QOS => IngressQos(
                parse_mappings(payload)
                    .context("failed to parse IFLA_VLAN_INGRESS_QOS")?,
            ),
            IFLA_VLAN_PROTOCOL => Protocol(
                parse_u16_be(payload)
                    .context("invalid IFLA_VLAN_PROTOCOL value")?,
            ),
            _ => return Err(format!("unknown NLA type {}", buf.kind()).into()),
        })
    }
}

#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Clone)]
#[non_exhaustive]
pub enum InfoIpoib {
    Unspec(Vec<u8>),
    Pkey(u16),
    Mode(u16),
    UmCast(u16),
    Other(DefaultNla),
}

impl Nla for InfoIpoib {
    fn value_len(&self) -> usize {
        use self::InfoIpoib::*;
        match self {
            Unspec(bytes) => bytes.len(),
            Pkey(_) | Mode(_) | UmCast(_) => 2,
            Other(nla) => nla.value_len(),
        }
    }

    fn emit_value(&self, buffer: &mut [u8]) {
        use self::InfoIpoib::*;
        match self {
            Unspec(bytes) => buffer.copy_from_slice(bytes.as_slice()),
            Pkey(value) => NativeEndian::write_u16(buffer, *value),
            Mode(value) => NativeEndian::write_u16(buffer, *value),
            UmCast(value) => NativeEndian::write_u16(buffer, *value),
            Other(nla) => nla.emit_value(buffer),
        }
    }

    fn kind(&self) -> u16 {
        use self::InfoIpoib::*;
        match self {
            Unspec(_) => IFLA_IPOIB_UNSPEC,
            Pkey(_) => IFLA_IPOIB_PKEY,
            Mode(_) => IFLA_IPOIB_MODE,
            UmCast(_) => IFLA_IPOIB_UMCAST,
            Other(nla) => nla.kind(),
        }
    }
}

impl<'a, T: AsRef<[u8]> + ?Sized> Parseable<NlaBuffer<&'a T>> for InfoIpoib {
    fn parse(buf: &NlaBuffer<&'a T>) -> Result<Self, DecodeError> {
        use self::InfoIpoib::*;
        let payload = buf.value();
        Ok(match buf.kind() {
            IFLA_IPOIB_UNSPEC => Unspec(payload.to_vec()),
            IFLA_IPOIB_PKEY => Pkey(
                parse_u16(payload).context("invalid IFLA_IPOIB_PKEY value")?,
            ),
            IFLA_IPOIB_MODE => Mode(
                parse_u16(payload).context("invalid IFLA_IPOIB_MODE value")?,
            ),
            IFLA_IPOIB_UMCAST => UmCast(
                parse_u16(payload)
                    .context("invalid IFLA_IPOIB_UMCAST value")?,
            ),
            kind => Other(
                DefaultNla::parse(buf)
                    .context(format!("unknown NLA type {kind}"))?,
            ),
        })
    }
}

#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Clone)]
#[non_exhaustive]
pub enum VethInfo {
    Unspec(Vec<u8>),
    Peer(LinkMessage),
    Other(DefaultNla),
}

impl Nla for VethInfo {
    fn value_len(&self) -> usize {
        use self::VethInfo::*;
        match *self {
            Unspec(ref bytes) => bytes.len(),
            Peer(ref message) => message.buffer_len(),
            Other(ref attr) => attr.value_len(),
        }
    }

    fn emit_value(&self, buffer: &mut [u8]) {
        use self::VethInfo::*;
        match *self {
            Unspec(ref bytes) => buffer.copy_from_slice(bytes.as_slice()),
            Peer(ref message) => message.emit(buffer),
            Other(ref attr) => attr.emit_value(buffer),
        }
    }

    fn kind(&self) -> u16 {
        use self::VethInfo::*;
        match *self {
            Unspec(_) => VETH_INFO_UNSPEC,
            Peer(_) => VETH_INFO_PEER,
            Other(ref attr) => attr.kind(),
        }
    }
}

impl<'a, T: AsRef<[u8]> + ?Sized> Parseable<NlaBuffer<&'a T>> for VethInfo {
    fn parse(buf: &NlaBuffer<&'a T>) -> Result<Self, DecodeError> {
        use self::VethInfo::*;
        let payload = buf.value();
        Ok(match buf.kind() {
            VETH_INFO_UNSPEC => Unspec(payload.to_vec()),
            VETH_INFO_PEER => {
                let err = "failed to parse veth link info";
                let buffer =
                    LinkMessageBuffer::new_checked(&payload).context(err)?;
                Peer(LinkMessage::parse(&buffer).context(err)?)
            }
            kind => Other(
                DefaultNla::parse(buf)
                    .context(format!("unknown NLA type {kind}"))?,
            ),
        })
    }
}

#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Clone)]
#[non_exhaustive]
pub enum InfoIpVlan {
    Unspec(Vec<u8>),
    Mode(u16),
    Flags(u16),
    Other(DefaultNla),
}

impl Nla for InfoIpVlan {
    fn value_len(&self) -> usize {
        use self::InfoIpVlan::*;
        match self {
            Unspec(bytes) => bytes.len(),
            Mode(_) | Flags(_) => 2,
            Other(nla) => nla.value_len(),
        }
    }

    fn emit_value(&self, buffer: &mut [u8]) {
        use self::InfoIpVlan::*;
        match self {
            Unspec(bytes) => buffer.copy_from_slice(bytes.as_slice()),
            Mode(value) => NativeEndian::write_u16(buffer, *value),
            Flags(value) => NativeEndian::write_u16(buffer, *value),
            Other(nla) => nla.emit_value(buffer),
        }
    }

    fn kind(&self) -> u16 {
        use self::InfoIpVlan::*;
        match self {
            Unspec(_) => IFLA_IPVLAN_UNSPEC,
            Mode(_) => IFLA_IPVLAN_MODE,
            Flags(_) => IFLA_IPVLAN_FLAGS,
            Other(nla) => nla.kind(),
        }
    }
}

impl<'a, T: AsRef<[u8]> + ?Sized> Parseable<NlaBuffer<&'a T>> for InfoIpVlan {
    fn parse(buf: &NlaBuffer<&'a T>) -> Result<Self, DecodeError> {
        use self::InfoIpVlan::*;
        let payload = buf.value();
        Ok(match buf.kind() {
            IFLA_IPVLAN_UNSPEC => Unspec(payload.to_vec()),
            IFLA_IPVLAN_MODE => Mode(
                parse_u16(payload).context("invalid IFLA_IPVLAN_MODE value")?,
            ),
            IFLA_IPVLAN_FLAGS => Flags(
                parse_u16(payload)
                    .context("invalid IFLA_IPVLAN_FLAGS value")?,
            ),
            kind => Other(
                DefaultNla::parse(buf)
                    .context(format!("unknown NLA type {kind}"))?,
            ),
        })
    }
}

#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Clone, Copy)]
#[non_exhaustive]
pub enum MacSecCipherId {
    #[deprecated]
    DefaultGcmAes128,
    GcmAes128,
    GcmAes256,
    GcmAesXpn128,
    GcmAesXpn256,
    Other(u64),
}

impl From<u64> for MacSecCipherId {
    fn from(d: u64) -> Self {
        match d {
            #[allow(deprecated)]
            MACSEC_DEFAULT_CIPHER_ID => Self::DefaultGcmAes128,
            MACSEC_CIPHER_ID_GCM_AES_128 => Self::GcmAes128,
            MACSEC_CIPHER_ID_GCM_AES_256 => Self::GcmAes256,
            MACSEC_CIPHER_ID_GCM_AES_XPN_128 => Self::GcmAesXpn128,
            MACSEC_CIPHER_ID_GCM_AES_XPN_256 => Self::GcmAesXpn256,
            _ => Self::Other(d),
        }
    }
}

impl From<MacSecCipherId> for u64 {
    fn from(d: MacSecCipherId) -> Self {
        match d {
            #[allow(deprecated)]
            MacSecCipherId::DefaultGcmAes128 => MACSEC_DEFAULT_CIPHER_ID,
            MacSecCipherId::GcmAes128 => MACSEC_CIPHER_ID_GCM_AES_128,
            MacSecCipherId::GcmAes256 => MACSEC_CIPHER_ID_GCM_AES_256,
            MacSecCipherId::GcmAesXpn128 => MACSEC_CIPHER_ID_GCM_AES_XPN_128,
            MacSecCipherId::GcmAesXpn256 => MACSEC_CIPHER_ID_GCM_AES_XPN_256,
            MacSecCipherId::Other(value) => value,
        }
    }
}

#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Clone, Copy)]
#[non_exhaustive]
pub enum MacSecValidation {
    Disabled,
    Check,
    Strict,
    Other(u8),
}

impl From<u8> for MacSecValidation {
    fn from(d: u8) -> Self {
        match d {
            MACSEC_VALIDATE_DISABLED => Self::Disabled,
            MACSEC_VALIDATE_CHECK => Self::Check,
            MACSEC_VALIDATE_STRICT => Self::Strict,
            _ => Self::Other(d),
        }
    }
}

impl From<MacSecValidation> for u8 {
    fn from(d: MacSecValidation) -> Self {
        match d {
            MacSecValidation::Disabled => MACSEC_VALIDATE_DISABLED,
            MacSecValidation::Check => MACSEC_VALIDATE_CHECK,
            MacSecValidation::Strict => MACSEC_VALIDATE_STRICT,
            MacSecValidation::Other(value) => value,
        }
    }
}

#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Clone, Copy)]
#[non_exhaustive]
pub enum MacSecOffload {
    Off,
    Phy,
    Mac,
    Other(u8),
}

impl From<u8> for MacSecOffload {
    fn from(d: u8) -> Self {
        match d {
            MACSEC_OFFLOAD_OFF => Self::Off,
            MACSEC_OFFLOAD_PHY => Self::Phy,
            MACSEC_OFFLOAD_MAC => Self::Mac,
            _ => Self::Other(d),
        }
    }
}

impl From<MacSecOffload> for u8 {
    fn from(d: MacSecOffload) -> Self {
        match d {
            MacSecOffload::Off => MACSEC_OFFLOAD_OFF,
            MacSecOffload::Phy => MACSEC_OFFLOAD_PHY,
            MacSecOffload::Mac => MACSEC_OFFLOAD_MAC,
            MacSecOffload::Other(value) => value,
        }
    }
}

#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Clone)]
#[non_exhaustive]
pub enum InfoMacSec {
    Unspec(Vec<u8>),
    Sci(u64),
    Port(u16),
    IcvLen(u8),
    CipherSuite(MacSecCipherId),
    Window(u32),
    EncodingSa(u8),
    Encrypt(u8),
    Protect(u8),
    IncSci(u8),
    Es(u8),
    Scb(u8),
    ReplayProtect(u8),
    Validation(MacSecValidation),
    Offload(MacSecOffload),
    Other(DefaultNla),
}

impl Nla for InfoMacSec {
    fn value_len(&self) -> usize {
        use self::InfoMacSec::*;
        match self {
            Unspec(bytes) => bytes.len(),
            Sci(_) | CipherSuite(_) => 8,
            Window(_) => 4,
            Port(_) => 2,
            IcvLen(_) | EncodingSa(_) | Encrypt(_) | Protect(_) | IncSci(_)
            | Es(_) | Scb(_) | ReplayProtect(_) | Validation(_)
            | Offload(_) => 1,
            Other(nla) => nla.value_len(),
        }
    }

    fn emit_value(&self, buffer: &mut [u8]) {
        use self::InfoMacSec::*;
        match self {
            Unspec(bytes) => buffer.copy_from_slice(bytes.as_slice()),
            Sci(value) => NativeEndian::write_u64(buffer, *value),
            CipherSuite(value) => {
                NativeEndian::write_u64(buffer, (*value).into())
            }
            Window(value) => NativeEndian::write_u32(buffer, *value),
            Port(value) => NativeEndian::write_u16(buffer, *value),
            IcvLen(value) | EncodingSa(value) | Encrypt(value)
            | Protect(value) | IncSci(value) | Es(value) | Scb(value)
            | ReplayProtect(value) => buffer[0] = *value,
            Offload(value) => buffer[0] = (*value).into(),
            Validation(value) => buffer[0] = (*value).into(),
            Other(nla) => nla.emit_value(buffer),
        }
    }

    fn kind(&self) -> u16 {
        use self::InfoMacSec::*;
        match self {
            Unspec(_) => IFLA_MACSEC_UNSPEC,
            Sci(_) => IFLA_MACSEC_SCI,
            Port(_) => IFLA_MACSEC_PORT,
            IcvLen(_) => IFLA_MACSEC_ICV_LEN,
            CipherSuite(_) => IFLA_MACSEC_CIPHER_SUITE,
            Window(_) => IFLA_MACSEC_WINDOW,
            EncodingSa(_) => IFLA_MACSEC_ENCODING_SA,
            Encrypt(_) => IFLA_MACSEC_ENCRYPT,
            Protect(_) => IFLA_MACSEC_PROTECT,
            IncSci(_) => IFLA_MACSEC_INC_SCI,
            Es(_) => IFLA_MACSEC_ES,
            Scb(_) => IFLA_MACSEC_SCB,
            ReplayProtect(_) => IFLA_MACSEC_REPLAY_PROTECT,
            Validation(_) => IFLA_MACSEC_VALIDATION,
            Offload(_) => IFLA_MACSEC_OFFLOAD,
            Other(nla) => nla.kind(),
        }
    }
}

impl<'a, T: AsRef<[u8]> + ?Sized> Parseable<NlaBuffer<&'a T>> for InfoMacSec {
    fn parse(buf: &NlaBuffer<&'a T>) -> Result<Self, DecodeError> {
        use self::InfoMacSec::*;
        let payload = buf.value();
        Ok(match buf.kind() {
            IFLA_MACSEC_UNSPEC => Unspec(payload.to_vec()),
            IFLA_MACSEC_SCI => {
                Sci(parse_u64(payload)
                    .context("invalid IFLA_MACSEC_SCI value")?)
            }
            IFLA_MACSEC_PORT => Port(
                parse_u16(payload).context("invalid IFLA_MACSEC_PORT value")?,
            ),
            IFLA_MACSEC_ICV_LEN => IcvLen(
                parse_u8(payload)
                    .context("invalid IFLA_MACSEC_ICV_LEN value")?,
            ),
            IFLA_MACSEC_CIPHER_SUITE => CipherSuite(
                parse_u64(payload)
                    .context("invalid IFLA_MACSEC_CIPHER_SUITE value")?
                    .into(),
            ),
            IFLA_MACSEC_WINDOW => Window(
                parse_u32(payload)
                    .context("invalid IFLA_MACSEC_WINDOW value")?,
            ),
            IFLA_MACSEC_ENCODING_SA => EncodingSa(
                parse_u8(payload)
                    .context("invalid IFLA_MACSEC_ENCODING_SA value")?,
            ),
            IFLA_MACSEC_ENCRYPT => Encrypt(
                parse_u8(payload)
                    .context("invalid IFLA_MACSEC_ENCRYPT value")?,
            ),
            IFLA_MACSEC_PROTECT => Protect(
                parse_u8(payload)
                    .context("invalid IFLA_MACSEC_PROTECT value")?,
            ),
            IFLA_MACSEC_INC_SCI => IncSci(
                parse_u8(payload)
                    .context("invalid IFLA_MACSEC_INC_SCI value")?,
            ),
            IFLA_MACSEC_ES => {
                Es(parse_u8(payload).context("invalid IFLA_MACSEC_ES value")?)
            }
            IFLA_MACSEC_SCB => {
                Scb(parse_u8(payload)
                    .context("invalid IFLA_MACSEC_SCB value")?)
            }
            IFLA_MACSEC_REPLAY_PROTECT => ReplayProtect(
                parse_u8(payload)
                    .context("invalid IFLA_MACSEC_REPLAY_PROTECT value")?,
            ),
            IFLA_MACSEC_VALIDATION => Validation(
                parse_u8(payload)
                    .context("invalid IFLA_MACSEC_VALIDATION value")?
                    .into(),
            ),
            IFLA_MACSEC_OFFLOAD => Offload(
                parse_u8(payload)
                    .context("invalid IFLA_MACSEC_OFFLOAD value")?
                    .into(),
            ),
            kind => Other(
                DefaultNla::parse(buf)
                    .context(format!("unknown NLA type {kind}"))?,
            ),
        })
    }
}

#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Clone)]
#[non_exhaustive]
pub enum InfoXfrmTun {
    Unspec(Vec<u8>),
    Link(u32),
    IfId(u32),
    Other(DefaultNla),
}

impl Nla for InfoXfrmTun {
    fn value_len(&self) -> usize {
        use self::InfoXfrmTun::*;
        match self {
            Unspec(bytes) => bytes.len(),
            Link(_) => 4,
            IfId(_) => 4,
            Other(nla) => nla.value_len(),
        }
    }

    fn emit_value(&self, buffer: &mut [u8]) {
        use self::InfoXfrmTun::*;
        match self {
            Unspec(bytes) => buffer.copy_from_slice(bytes.as_slice()),
            Link(value) => NativeEndian::write_u32(buffer, *value),
            IfId(value) => NativeEndian::write_u32(buffer, *value),
            Other(nla) => nla.emit_value(buffer),
        }
    }

    fn kind(&self) -> u16 {
        use self::InfoXfrmTun::*;
        match self {
            Unspec(_) => IFLA_XFRM_UNSPEC,
            Link(_) => IFLA_XFRM_LINK,
            IfId(_) => IFLA_XFRM_IF_ID,
            Other(nla) => nla.kind(),
        }
    }
}

impl<'a, T: AsRef<[u8]> + ?Sized> Parseable<NlaBuffer<&'a T>> for InfoXfrmTun {
    fn parse(buf: &NlaBuffer<&'a T>) -> Result<Self, DecodeError> {
        use self::InfoXfrmTun::*;
        let payload = buf.value();
        Ok(match buf.kind() {
            IFLA_XFRM_UNSPEC => Unspec(payload.to_vec()),
            IFLA_XFRM_LINK => Link(
                parse_u32(payload).context("invalid IFLA_XFRM_IF_ID value")?,
            ),
            IFLA_XFRM_IF_ID => IfId(
                parse_u32(payload).context("invalid IFLA_XFRM_IF_ID value")?,
            ),
            kind => Other(
                DefaultNla::parse(buf)
                    .context(format!("unknown NLA type {kind}"))?,
            ),
        })
    }
}

#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Clone)]
#[non_exhaustive]
pub enum InfoVrf {
    TableId(u32),
    Other(DefaultNla),
}

impl Nla for InfoVrf {
    fn value_len(&self) -> usize {
        use self::InfoVrf::*;
        match self {
            TableId(_) => 4,
            Other(nla) => nla.value_len(),
        }
    }

    fn emit_value(&self, buffer: &mut [u8]) {
        use self::InfoVrf::*;
        match self {
            TableId(value) => NativeEndian::write_u32(buffer, *value),
            Other(nla) => nla.emit_value(buffer),
        }
    }

    fn kind(&self) -> u16 {
        use self::InfoVrf::*;
        match self {
            TableId(_) => IFLA_VRF_TABLE,
            Other(nla) => nla.kind(),
        }
    }
}

impl<'a, T: AsRef<[u8]> + ?Sized> Parseable<NlaBuffer<&'a T>> for InfoVrf {
    fn parse(buf: &NlaBuffer<&'a T>) -> Result<Self, DecodeError> {
        use self::InfoVrf::*;
        let payload = buf.value();
        Ok(match buf.kind() {
            IFLA_VRF_TABLE => TableId(
                parse_u32(payload).context("invalid IFLA_VRF_TABLE value")?,
            ),
            kind => Other(
                DefaultNla::parse(buf)
                    .context(format!("unknown NLA type {kind}"))?,
            ),
        })
    }
}

#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Clone)]
#[non_exhaustive]
pub enum InfoMacVlan {
    Unspec(Vec<u8>),
    Mode(u32),
    Flags(u16),
    MacAddrMode(u32),
    MacAddr([u8; 6]),
    MacAddrData(Vec<InfoMacVlan>),
    MacAddrCount(u32),
    BcQueueLen(u32),
    BcQueueLenUsed(u32),
    BcCutoff(i32),
    Other(DefaultNla),
}

impl Nla for InfoMacVlan {
    fn value_len(&self) -> usize {
        use self::InfoMacVlan::*;
        match self {
            Unspec(bytes) => bytes.len(),
            Mode(_) => 4,
            Flags(_) => 2,
            MacAddrMode(_) => 4,
            MacAddr(_) => 6,
            MacAddrData(ref nlas) => nlas.as_slice().buffer_len(),
            MacAddrCount(_) => 4,
            BcQueueLen(_) => 4,
            BcQueueLenUsed(_) => 4,
            BcCutoff(_) => 4,
            Other(nla) => nla.value_len(),
        }
    }

    fn emit_value(&self, buffer: &mut [u8]) {
        use self::InfoMacVlan::*;
        match self {
            Unspec(bytes) => buffer.copy_from_slice(bytes.as_slice()),
            Mode(value) => NativeEndian::write_u32(buffer, *value),
            Flags(value) => NativeEndian::write_u16(buffer, *value),
            MacAddrMode(value) => NativeEndian::write_u32(buffer, *value),
            MacAddr(bytes) => buffer.copy_from_slice(bytes),
            MacAddrData(ref nlas) => nlas.as_slice().emit(buffer),
            MacAddrCount(value) => NativeEndian::write_u32(buffer, *value),
            BcQueueLen(value) => NativeEndian::write_u32(buffer, *value),
            BcQueueLenUsed(value) => NativeEndian::write_u32(buffer, *value),
            BcCutoff(value) => NativeEndian::write_i32(buffer, *value),
            Other(nla) => nla.emit_value(buffer),
        }
    }

    fn kind(&self) -> u16 {
        use self::InfoMacVlan::*;
        match self {
            Unspec(_) => IFLA_MACVLAN_UNSPEC,
            Mode(_) => IFLA_MACVLAN_MODE,
            Flags(_) => IFLA_MACVLAN_FLAGS,
            MacAddrMode(_) => IFLA_MACVLAN_MACADDR_MODE,
            MacAddr(_) => IFLA_MACVLAN_MACADDR,
            MacAddrData(_) => IFLA_MACVLAN_MACADDR_DATA,
            MacAddrCount(_) => IFLA_MACVLAN_MACADDR_COUNT,
            BcQueueLen(_) => IFLA_MACVLAN_BC_QUEUE_LEN,
            BcQueueLenUsed(_) => IFLA_MACVLAN_BC_QUEUE_LEN_USED,
            BcCutoff(_) => IFLA_MACVLAN_BC_CUTOFF,
            Other(nla) => nla.kind(),
        }
    }
}

impl<'a, T: AsRef<[u8]> + ?Sized> Parseable<NlaBuffer<&'a T>> for InfoMacVlan {
    fn parse(buf: &NlaBuffer<&'a T>) -> Result<Self, DecodeError> {
        use self::InfoMacVlan::*;
        let payload = buf.value();
        Ok(match buf.kind() {
            IFLA_MACVLAN_UNSPEC => Unspec(payload.to_vec()),
            IFLA_MACVLAN_MODE => Mode(
                parse_u32(payload)
                    .context("invalid IFLA_MACVLAN_MODE value")?,
            ),
            IFLA_MACVLAN_FLAGS => Flags(
                parse_u16(payload)
                    .context("invalid IFLA_MACVLAN_FLAGS value")?,
            ),
            IFLA_MACVLAN_MACADDR_MODE => MacAddrMode(
                parse_u32(payload)
                    .context("invalid IFLA_MACVLAN_MACADDR_MODE value")?,
            ),
            IFLA_MACVLAN_MACADDR => MacAddr(
                parse_mac(payload)
                    .context("invalid IFLA_MACVLAN_MACADDR value")?,
            ),
            IFLA_MACVLAN_MACADDR_DATA => {
                let mut mac_data = Vec::new();
                let err = "failed to parse IFLA_MACVLAN_MACADDR_DATA";
                for nla in NlasIterator::new(payload) {
                    let nla = &nla.context(err)?;
                    let parsed = InfoMacVlan::parse(nla).context(err)?;
                    mac_data.push(parsed);
                }
                MacAddrData(mac_data)
            }
            IFLA_MACVLAN_MACADDR_COUNT => MacAddrCount(
                parse_u32(payload)
                    .context("invalid IFLA_MACVLAN_MACADDR_COUNT value")?,
            ),
            IFLA_MACVLAN_BC_QUEUE_LEN => BcQueueLen(
                parse_u32(payload)
                    .context("invalid IFLA_MACVLAN_BC_QUEUE_LEN value")?,
            ),
            IFLA_MACVLAN_BC_QUEUE_LEN_USED => BcQueueLenUsed(
                parse_u32(payload)
                    .context("invalid IFLA_MACVLAN_BC_QUEUE_LEN_USED value")?,
            ),
            IFLA_MACVLAN_BC_CUTOFF => BcCutoff(
                parse_i32(payload)
                    .context("invalid IFLA_MACVLAN_BC_CUTOFF value")?,
            ),
            kind => Other(
                DefaultNla::parse(buf)
                    .context(format!("unknown NLA type {kind}"))?,
            ),
        })
    }
}

#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Clone)]
#[non_exhaustive]
pub enum InfoMacVtap {
    Unspec(Vec<u8>),
    Mode(u32),
    Flags(u16),
    MacAddrMode(u32),
    MacAddr([u8; 6]),
    MacAddrData(Vec<InfoMacVtap>),
    MacAddrCount(u32),
    BcQueueLen(u32),
    BcQueueLenUsed(u32),
    BcCutoff(i32),
    Other(DefaultNla),
}

impl Nla for InfoMacVtap {
    fn value_len(&self) -> usize {
        use self::InfoMacVtap::*;
        match self {
            Unspec(bytes) => bytes.len(),
            Mode(_) => 4,
            Flags(_) => 2,
            MacAddrMode(_) => 4,
            MacAddr(_) => 6,
            MacAddrData(ref nlas) => nlas.as_slice().buffer_len(),
            MacAddrCount(_) => 4,
            BcQueueLen(_) => 4,
            BcQueueLenUsed(_) => 4,
            BcCutoff(_) => 4,
            Other(nla) => nla.value_len(),
        }
    }

    fn emit_value(&self, buffer: &mut [u8]) {
        use self::InfoMacVtap::*;
        match self {
            Unspec(bytes) => buffer.copy_from_slice(bytes.as_slice()),
            Mode(value) => NativeEndian::write_u32(buffer, *value),
            Flags(value) => NativeEndian::write_u16(buffer, *value),
            MacAddrMode(value) => NativeEndian::write_u32(buffer, *value),
            MacAddr(bytes) => buffer.copy_from_slice(bytes),
            MacAddrData(ref nlas) => nlas.as_slice().emit(buffer),
            MacAddrCount(value) => NativeEndian::write_u32(buffer, *value),
            BcQueueLen(value) => NativeEndian::write_u32(buffer, *value),
            BcQueueLenUsed(value) => NativeEndian::write_u32(buffer, *value),
            BcCutoff(value) => NativeEndian::write_i32(buffer, *value),
            Other(nla) => nla.emit_value(buffer),
        }
    }

    fn kind(&self) -> u16 {
        use self::InfoMacVtap::*;
        match self {
            Unspec(_) => IFLA_MACVLAN_UNSPEC,
            Mode(_) => IFLA_MACVLAN_MODE,
            Flags(_) => IFLA_MACVLAN_FLAGS,
            MacAddrMode(_) => IFLA_MACVLAN_MACADDR_MODE,
            MacAddr(_) => IFLA_MACVLAN_MACADDR,
            MacAddrData(_) => IFLA_MACVLAN_MACADDR_DATA,
            MacAddrCount(_) => IFLA_MACVLAN_MACADDR_COUNT,
            BcQueueLen(_) => IFLA_MACVLAN_BC_QUEUE_LEN,
            BcQueueLenUsed(_) => IFLA_MACVLAN_BC_QUEUE_LEN_USED,
            BcCutoff(_) => IFLA_MACVLAN_BC_CUTOFF,
            Other(nla) => nla.kind(),
        }
    }
}

impl<'a, T: AsRef<[u8]> + ?Sized> Parseable<NlaBuffer<&'a T>> for InfoMacVtap {
    fn parse(buf: &NlaBuffer<&'a T>) -> Result<Self, DecodeError> {
        use self::InfoMacVtap::*;
        let payload = buf.value();
        Ok(match buf.kind() {
            IFLA_MACVLAN_UNSPEC => Unspec(payload.to_vec()),
            IFLA_MACVLAN_MODE => Mode(
                parse_u32(payload)
                    .context("invalid IFLA_MACVLAN_MODE value")?,
            ),
            IFLA_MACVLAN_FLAGS => Flags(
                parse_u16(payload)
                    .context("invalid IFLA_MACVLAN_FLAGS value")?,
            ),
            IFLA_MACVLAN_MACADDR_MODE => MacAddrMode(
                parse_u32(payload)
                    .context("invalid IFLA_MACVLAN_MACADDR_MODE value")?,
            ),
            IFLA_MACVLAN_MACADDR => MacAddr(
                parse_mac(payload)
                    .context("invalid IFLA_MACVLAN_MACADDR value")?,
            ),
            IFLA_MACVLAN_MACADDR_DATA => {
                let mut mac_data = Vec::new();
                let err = "failed to parse IFLA_MACVLAN_MACADDR_DATA";
                for nla in NlasIterator::new(payload) {
                    let nla = &nla.context(err)?;
                    let parsed = InfoMacVtap::parse(nla).context(err)?;
                    mac_data.push(parsed);
                }
                MacAddrData(mac_data)
            }
            IFLA_MACVLAN_MACADDR_COUNT => MacAddrCount(
                parse_u32(payload)
                    .context("invalid IFLA_MACVLAN_MACADDR_COUNT value")?,
            ),
            IFLA_MACVLAN_BC_QUEUE_LEN => BcQueueLen(
                parse_u32(payload)
                    .context("invalid IFLA_MACVLAN_BC_QUEUE_LEN value")?,
            ),
            IFLA_MACVLAN_BC_QUEUE_LEN_USED => BcQueueLenUsed(
                parse_u32(payload)
                    .context("invalid IFLA_MACVLAN_BC_QUEUE_LEN_USED value")?,
            ),
            IFLA_MACVLAN_BC_CUTOFF => BcCutoff(
                parse_i32(payload)
                    .context("invalid IFLA_MACVLAN_BC_CUTOFF value")?,
            ),
            kind => Other(
                DefaultNla::parse(buf)
                    .context(format!("unknown NLA type {kind}"))?,
            ),
        })
    }
}

#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Clone)]
#[non_exhaustive]
pub enum VlanQosMapping {
    Unspec(Vec<u8>),
    Mapping { from: u32, to: u32 },
    Other(DefaultNla),
}

impl Nla for VlanQosMapping {
    fn value_len(&self) -> usize {
        match self {
            VlanQosMapping::Unspec(bytes) => bytes.len(),
            VlanQosMapping::Mapping { .. } => 8,
            VlanQosMapping::Other(nla) => nla.value_len(),
        }
    }

    fn kind(&self) -> u16 {
        match self {
            VlanQosMapping::Unspec(_) => IFLA_VLAN_QOS_UNSPEC,
            VlanQosMapping::Mapping { .. } => IFLA_VLAN_QOS_MAPPING,
            VlanQosMapping::Other(nla) => nla.kind(),
        }
    }

    fn emit_value(&self, buffer: &mut [u8]) {
        use VlanQosMapping::*;
        match self {
            Unspec(payload) => buffer.copy_from_slice(payload),
            Mapping { from, to } => {
                NativeEndian::write_u32(buffer, *from);
                NativeEndian::write_u32(&mut buffer[4..], *to);
            }
            Other(nla) => nla.emit_value(buffer),
        }
    }
}

impl<'a, T: AsRef<[u8]> + ?Sized> Parseable<NlaBuffer<&'a T>>
    for VlanQosMapping
{
    fn parse(buf: &NlaBuffer<&'a T>) -> Result<Self, DecodeError> {
        use VlanQosMapping::*;
        let payload = buf.value();
        Ok(match buf.kind() {
            IFLA_VLAN_QOS_UNSPEC => Unspec(payload.to_vec()),
            IFLA_VLAN_QOS_MAPPING => Mapping {
                from: parse_u32(&payload[..4])
                    .context("expected u32 from value")?,
                to: parse_u32(&payload[4..])
                    .context("expected u32 to value")?,
            },
            kind => Other(
                DefaultNla::parse(buf)
                    .context(format!("unknown NLA type {kind}"))?,
            ),
        })
    }
}

#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
    use super::*;
    use crate::{
        nlas::link::{bond::*, Nla},
        LinkHeader, LinkMessage,
    };
    use netlink_packet_utils::traits::Emitable;
    use std::net::{Ipv4Addr, Ipv6Addr};

    #[rustfmt::skip]
    static BRIDGE: [u8; 424] = [
        0x0b, 0x00, // L = 11
        0x01, 0x00, // T = 1 (IFLA_INFO_KIND)
        0x62, 0x72, 0x69, 0x64, 0x67, 0x65, 0x00, // V = "bridge"
        0x00, // padding

        0x9c, 0x01, // L = 412
        0x02, 0x00, // T = 2 (IFLA_INFO_DATA)

            0x0c, 0x00, // L = 12
            0x10, 0x00, // T = 16 (IFLA_BR_HELLO_TIMER)
            0x23, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, // V = 35

            0x0c, 0x00, // L = 12
            0x11, 0x00, // T = 17 (IFLA_BR_TCN_TIMER)
            0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, // V = 0

            0x0c, 0x00, // L = 12
            0x12, 0x00, // T = 18 (IFLA_BR_TOPOLOGY_CHANGE_TIMER)
            0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, // V = 0

            0x0c, 0x00, //  L = 12
            0x13, 0x00, // T = 19 (IFLA_BR_GC_TIMER)
            0xb5, 0x37, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, // V = 14261 (0x37b5)

            0x08, 0x00, // L = 8
            0x01, 0x00, // T = 1 (IFLA_BR_FORWARD_DELAY)
            0xc7, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, // V = 199

            0x08, 0x00, // L = 8
            0x02, 0x00, // T = 2 (IFLA_BR_HELLO_TIME)
            0xc7, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, // V = 199

            0x08, 0x00, // L = 8
            0x03, 0x00, // T = 3 (IFLA_BR_MAX_AGE)
            0xcf, 0x07, 0x00, 0x00, // V = 1999 (0x07cf)

            0x08, 0x00, // L = 8
            0x04, 0x00, // T = 4 (IFLA_BR_AGEING_TIME)
            0x2f, 0x75, 0x00, 0x00, // V = 29999 (0x752f)

            0x08, 0x00, // L = 8
            0x05, 0x00, // T = 5 (IFLA_BR_STP_STATE)
            0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, // V = 1

            0x06, 0x00, // L = 6
            0x06, 0x00, // T = 6 (IFLA_BR_PRIORITY)
            0x00, 0x80, // V =  32768 (0x8000)
            0x00, 0x00, // Padding

            0x05, 0x00, // L = 5
            0x07, 0x00, // T = 7 (IFLA_BR_VLAN_FILTERING)
            0x00, // V = 0
            0x00, 0x00, 0x00, // Padding

            0x06, 0x00, // L = 6
            0x09, 0x00, // T = 9 (IFLA_BR_GROUP_FWD_MASK)
            0x00, 0x00, // V = 0
            0x00, 0x00, // Padding

            0x0c, 0x00, // L = 12
            0x0b, 0x00, // T = 11 (IFLA_BR_BRIDGE_ID)
            0x80, 0x00, // V (priority) = 128 (0x80)
            0x52, 0x54, 0x00, 0xd7, 0x19, 0x3e, // V (address) = 52:54:00:d7:19:3e

            0x0c, 0x00, // L = 12
            0x0a, 0x00, // T = 10 (IFLA_BR_ROOT_ID)
            0x80, 0x00, // V (priority) = 128 (0x80)
            0x52, 0x54, 0x00, 0xd7, 0x19, 0x3e, // V (address) = 52:54:00:d7:19:3e

            0x06, 0x00, // L = 6
            0x0c, 0x00, // T = 12 (IFLA_BR_ROOT_PORT)
            0x00, 0x00, // V = 0
            0x00, 0x00, // Padding

            0x08, 0x00, // L = 8
            0x0d, 0x00, // T = 13 (IFLA_BR_ROOT_PATH_COST)
            0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, // V = 0

            0x05, 0x00, // L = 5
            0x0e, 0x00, // T = 14 (IFLA_BR_TOPOLOGY_CHANGE)
            0x00, // V = 0
            0x00, 0x00, 0x00, // Padding

            0x05, 0x00, // L = 5
            0x0f, 0x00, // T = 15 (IFLA_BR_TOPOLOGY_CHANGE_DETECTED)
            0x00, // V = 0
            0x00, 0x00, 0x00, // Padding

            0x0a, 0x00, // L = 10
            0x14, 0x00, // T = 20 (IFLA_BR_GROUP_ADDR)
            0x01, 0x80, 0xc2, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, // V = 01:80:c2:00:00:00
            0x00, 0x00, // Padding

            0x06, 0x00, // L = 6
            0x08, 0x00, // T = 8 (IFLA_BR_VLAN_PROTOCOL)
            0x81, 0x00, // V = 33024 (big-endian)
            0x00, 0x00, // Padding

            0x06, 0x00, // L = 6
            0x27, 0x00, // T = 39 (IFLA_BR_VLAN_DEFAULT_PVID)
            0x01, 0x00, // V = 1
            0x00, 0x00, // Padding

            0x05, 0x00, // L = 5
            0x29, 0x00, // T = 41 (IFLA_BR_VLAN_STATS_ENABLED)
            0x00, // V = 0
            0x00, 0x00, 0x00, // Padding

            0x05, 0x00, // L = 5
            0x16, 0x00, // T = 22 (IFLA_BR_MCAST_ROUTER)
            0x01, // V = 1
            0x00, 0x00, 0x00, // Padding

            0x05, 0x00, // L = 5
            0x17, 0x00, // T = 23 (IFLA_BR_MCAST_SNOOPING)
            0x01, // V = 1
            0x00, 0x00, 0x00, // Padding

            0x05, 0x00, // L = 5
            0x18, 0x00, // T = 24 (IFLA_BR_MCAST_QUERY_USE_IFADDR)
            0x00, // V = 0
            0x00, 0x00, 0x00, // Padding

            0x05, 0x00, // L = 5
            0x19, 0x00, // T = 25 (IFLA_BR_MCAST_QUERIER)
            0x00, // V = 0
            0x00, 0x00, 0x00, // Padding

            0x05, 0x00, // L = 5
            0x2a, 0x00, // T = 42 (IFLA_BR_MCAST_STATS_ENABLED)
            0x00, // V = 0
            0x00, 0x00, 0x00, // Padding

            0x08, 0x00, // L = 8
            0x1a, 0x00, // T = 26 (IFLA_BR_MCAST_HASH_ELASTICITY)
            0x04, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, // V = 4

            0x08, 0x00, // L = 8
            0x1b, 0x00, // T = 27 (IFLA_BR_MCAST_HASH_MAX)
            0x00, 0x02, 0x00, 0x00, // V = 512 (0x0200)

            0x08, 0x00, // L = 8
            0x1c, 0x00, // T = 28 (IFLA_BR_MCAST_LAST_MEMBER_CNT)
            0x02, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, // V = 2

            0x08, 0x00, // L = 8
            0x1d, 0x00, // T = 29 (IFLA_BR_MCAST_STARTUP_QUERY_CNT)
            0x02, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, // V = 2

            0x05, 0x00, // L = 5
            0x2b, 0x00, // T = 43 (IFLA_BR_MCAST_IGMP_VERSION)
            0x02, // V = 2
            0x00, 0x00, 0x00, // Padding

            0x05, 0x00, // L = 5
            0x2c, 0x00, // T = 44 (IFLA_BR_MCAST_MLD_VERSION)
            0x01, // V = 1
            0x00, 0x00, 0x00, // Padding

            0x0c, 0x00, // L = 12
            0x1e, 0x00, // T = 30 (IFLA_BR_MCAST_LAST_MEMBER_INTVL)
            0x63, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, // V = 99

            0x0c, 0x00, // L = 12
            0x1f, 0x00, // T = 31 (IFLA_BR_MCAST_MEMBERSHIP_INTVL)
            0x8f, 0x65, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, // V = 25999 (0x658f)

            0x0c, 0x00, // L = 12
            0x20, 0x00, // T = 32 (IFLA_BR_MCAST_QUERIER_INTVL)
            0x9b, 0x63, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, // V = 25499 (0x639b)

            0x0c, 0x00, // L = 12
            0x21, 0x00, // T = 33 (IFLA_BR_MCAST_QUERY_INTVL)
            0xd3, 0x30, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, // V = 12499 (0x30d3)

            0x0c, 0x00, // L = 12
            0x22, 0x00, // T = 34 (IFLA_BR_MCAST_QUERY_RESPONSE_INTVL)
            0xe7, 0x03, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, // V = 999 (0x03e7)

            0x0c, 0x00, // L = 12
            0x23, 0x00, // T = 35 (IFLA_BR_MCAST_STARTUP_QUERY_INTVL)
            0x34, 0x0c, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, // V = 3124 (0x0c34)

            0x05, 0x00, // L = 5
            0x24, 0x00, // T = 36 (IFLA_BR_NF_CALL_IPTABLES)
            0x00, // V = 0
            0x00, 0x00, 0x00, // Padding

            0x05, 0x00, // L = 5
            0x25, 0x00, // T = 37 (IFLA_BR_NF_CALL_IP6TABLES)
            0x00, // V = 0
            0x00, 0x00, 0x00, // Padding

            0x05, 0x00, // L = 5
            0x26, 0x00, // T = 38 (IFLA_BR_NF_CALL_ARPTABLES)
            0x00, // V = 0
            0x00, 0x00, 0x00, // Padding

            0x05, 0x00, // L = 5
            0x2d, 0x00, // T = 45 (IFLA_BR_VLAN_STATS_PER_PORT)
            0x01, // V = 1
            0x00, 0x00, 0x00, // Padding

            0x0c, 0x00, // L = 12
            0x2e, 0x00, // T = 46 (IFLA_BR_MULTI_BOOLOPT)
            0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,  // V = 0

    ];

    lazy_static! {
        static ref BRIDGE_INFO: Vec<InfoBridge> = vec![
            InfoBridge::HelloTimer(35),
            InfoBridge::TcnTimer(0),
            InfoBridge::TopologyChangeTimer(0),
            InfoBridge::GcTimer(14261),
            InfoBridge::ForwardDelay(199),
            InfoBridge::HelloTime(199),
            InfoBridge::MaxAge(1999),
            InfoBridge::AgeingTime(29999),
            InfoBridge::StpState(1),
            InfoBridge::Priority(0x8000),
            InfoBridge::VlanFiltering(0),
            InfoBridge::GroupFwdMask(0),
            InfoBridge::BridgeId((128, [0x52, 0x54, 0x00, 0xd7, 0x19, 0x3e])),
            InfoBridge::RootId((128, [0x52, 0x54, 0x00, 0xd7, 0x19, 0x3e])),
            InfoBridge::RootPort(0),
            InfoBridge::RootPathCost(0),
            InfoBridge::TopologyChange(0),
            InfoBridge::TopologyChangeDetected(0),
            InfoBridge::GroupAddr([0x01, 0x80, 0xc2, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00]),
            InfoBridge::VlanProtocol(33024),
            InfoBridge::VlanDefaultPvid(1),
            InfoBridge::VlanStatsEnabled(0),
            InfoBridge::MulticastRouter(1),
            InfoBridge::MulticastSnooping(1),
            InfoBridge::MulticastQueryUseIfaddr(0),
            InfoBridge::MulticastQuerier(0),
            InfoBridge::MulticastStatsEnabled(0),
            InfoBridge::MulticastHashElasticity(4),
            InfoBridge::MulticastHashMax(512),
            InfoBridge::MulticastLastMemberCount(2),
            InfoBridge::MulticastStartupQueryCount(2),
            InfoBridge::MulticastIgmpVersion(2),
            InfoBridge::MulticastMldVersion(1),
            InfoBridge::MulticastLastMemberInterval(99),
            InfoBridge::MulticastMembershipInterval(25999),
            InfoBridge::MulticastQuerierInterval(25499),
            InfoBridge::MulticastQueryInterval(12499),
            InfoBridge::MulticastQueryResponseInterval(999),
            InfoBridge::MulticastStartupQueryInterval(3124),
            InfoBridge::NfCallIpTables(0),
            InfoBridge::NfCallIp6Tables(0),
            InfoBridge::NfCallArpTables(0),
            InfoBridge::VlanStatsPerHost(1),
            InfoBridge::MultiBoolOpt(0),
        ];
    }

    #[test]
    fn parse_info_kind() {
        let info_kind_nla = NlaBuffer::new_checked(&BRIDGE[..12]).unwrap();
        let parsed = InfoKind::parse(&info_kind_nla).unwrap();
        assert_eq!(parsed, InfoKind::Bridge);
    }

    #[test]
    fn parse_info_bridge() {
        let nlas = NlasIterator::new(&BRIDGE[16..]);
        for nla in nlas.map(|nla| nla.unwrap()) {
            InfoBridge::parse(&nla).unwrap();
        }
    }

    #[rustfmt::skip]
    #[test]
    fn parse_veth_info() {
        let data = [0x08, 0x00, // length = 8
            0x01, 0x00, // type = 1 = IFLA_INFO_KIND
            0x76, 0x65, 0x74, 0x68, // VETH

            0x30, 0x00, // length = 48
            0x02, 0x00, // type = IFLA_INFO_DATA

                0x2c, 0x00, // length = 44
                0x01, 0x00, // type = VETH_INFO_PEER
                // The data a NEWLINK message
                0x00, // interface family
                0x00, // padding
                0x00, 0x00, // link layer type
                0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, // link index
                0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, // flags
                0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, // flags change mask
                    // NLA
                    0x10, 0x00, // length = 16
                    0x03, 0x00, // type = IFLA_IFNAME
                    0x76, 0x65, 0x74, 0x68, 0x63, 0x30, 0x65, 0x36, 0x30, 0x64, 0x36, 0x00,
                    // NLA
                    0x08, 0x00, // length = 8
                    0x0d, 0x00, // type = IFLA_TXQLEN
                    0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00];
        let nla = NlaBuffer::new_checked(&data[..]).unwrap();
        let parsed = VecInfo::parse(&nla).unwrap().0;
        let expected = vec![
            Info::Kind(InfoKind::Veth),
            Info::Data(InfoData::Veth(VethInfo::Peer(LinkMessage {
                header: LinkHeader {
                    interface_family: 0,
                    index: 0,
                    link_layer_type: ARPHRD_NETROM,
                    flags: 0,
                    change_mask: 0,
                },
                nlas: vec![
                    Nla::IfName("vethc0e60d6".to_string()),
                    Nla::TxQueueLen(0),
                ],
            }))),
        ];
        assert_eq!(expected, parsed);
    }

    #[rustfmt::skip]
    #[test]
    fn parse_info_bondport() {
        let data = [0x09, 0x00,                         // length
            0x04, 0x00,                         // IFLA_INFO_PORT_KIND
            0x62, 0x6f, 0x6e, 0x64, 0x00,       // V = "bond\0"
            0x00, 0x00, 0x00,                   // padding

            0x14, 0x00,                 // length = 20
            0x05, 0x00,                 // IFLA_INFO_PORT_DATA
                0x06, 0x00,             // length
                0x05, 0x00,             // IFLA_BOND_PORT_QUEUE_ID
                0x00, 0x00,             // 0
                0x00, 0x00,             // padding

                0x08, 0x00,             // length
                0x09, 0x00,             // IFLA_BOND_PORT_PRIO
                0x32, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00];
        let nla = NlaBuffer::new_checked(&data[..]).unwrap();
        let parsed = VecInfo::parse(&nla).unwrap().0;
        let expected = vec![
            Info::PortKind(InfoPortKind::Bond),
            Info::PortData(InfoPortData::BondPort(vec![InfoBondPort::QueueId(0),
                                                       InfoBondPort::Prio(50),
            ])),
        ];
        assert_eq!(expected, parsed);
    }

    #[rustfmt::skip]
    #[test]
    fn parse_info_bond() {
        let data = [0x08, 0x00,                // length
            0x01, 0x00,                // IFLA_INFO_KIND
            0x62, 0x6f, 0x6e, 0x64,    // "bond"

            0x80, 0x00,                // length
            0x02, 0x00,                // IFLA_INFO_DATA
                0x05, 0x00,            // length
                0x01, 0x00,            // IFLA_BOND_MODE
                0x04,                  // 4 (802.3ad)
                0x00, 0x00, 0x00,      // padding

                0x08, 0x00,             // length
                0x03, 0x00,             // IFLA_BOND_MIIMON
                0x32, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, // 50

                0x08, 0x00,             // length
                0x04, 0x00,             // IFLA_BOND_UPDELAY
                0x64, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, // 100

                0x08, 0x00,             // length
                0x05, 0x00,             // IFLA_BOND_DOWNDELAY
                0x64, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, // 100

                0x14, 0x00,             // length
                0x08, 0x00,             // IFLA_BOND_ARP_IP_TARGET
                    0x08, 0x00,              // length
                    0x00, 0x00,              // entry #0
                    0x01, 0x02, 0x03, 0x04,  // 1.2.3.4
                    0x08, 0x00,              // length
                    0x01, 0x00,              // entry #1
                    0x09, 0x09, 0x09, 0x09,  // 9.9.9.9

                0x18, 0x00,             // length
                0x1f, 0x00,             // IFLA_BOND_NS_IP6_TARGET
                    0x14, 0x00,              // length
                    0x00, 0x00,              // entry #0
                    0xfd, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00,  // fd01::1
                    0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
                    0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
                    0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x01,

                0x08, 0x00,             // length
                0x1c, 0x00,             // IFLA_BOND_PEER_NOTIF_DELAY
                0xc8, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, // 200

                0x08, 0x00,             // length
                0x12, 0x00,             // IFLA_BOND_MIN_LINKS
                0x03, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, // 3

                0x20, 0x00,             // length
                0x17, 0x00,             // IFLA_BOND_AD_INFO
                    0x06, 0x00,             // length
                    0x01, 0x00,             // IFLA_BOND_AD_INFO_AGGREGATOR
                    0x10, 0x00,             // 16
                    0x00, 0x00,             // padding
                    0x06, 0x00,             // length
                    0x02, 0x00,             // IFLA_BOND_AD_INFO_NUM_PORTS
                    0x02, 0x00,             // 2
                    0x00, 0x00,             // padding
                    0x0a, 0x00,             // length
                    0x05, 0x00,             // IFLA_BOND_AD_INFO_PARTNER_MAC
                    0x00, 0x11, 0x22,       // 00:11:22:33:44:55
                    0x33, 0x44, 0x55,
                    0x00, 0x00];
        let nla = NlaBuffer::new_checked(&data[..]).unwrap();
        let parsed = VecInfo::parse(&nla).unwrap().0;
        let expected = vec![
            Info::Kind(InfoKind::Bond),
            Info::Data(InfoData::Bond(vec![InfoBond::Mode(4),
                                           InfoBond::MiiMon(50),
                                           InfoBond::UpDelay(100),
                                           InfoBond::DownDelay(100),
                                           InfoBond::ArpIpTarget(vec!(Ipv4Addr::new(1, 2, 3, 4),
                                                                      Ipv4Addr::new(9, 9, 9, 9))),
                                           InfoBond::NsIp6Target(vec!(Ipv6Addr::new(0xfd01, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1))),
                                           InfoBond::PeerNotifDelay(200),
                                           InfoBond::MinLinks(3),
                                           InfoBond::AdInfo(vec!(BondAdInfo::Aggregator(16),
                                                                 BondAdInfo::NumPorts(2),
                                                                 BondAdInfo::PartnerMac([0x00, 0x11, 0x22, 0x33, 0x44, 0x55]))),
            ])),
        ];
        assert_eq!(expected, parsed);
    }

    #[rustfmt::skip]
    static IPVLAN: [u8; 32] = [
        0x0b, 0x00, // length = 11
        0x01, 0x00, // type = 1 = IFLA_INFO_KIND
        0x69, 0x70, 0x76, 0x6c, 0x61, 0x6e, 0x00, // V = "ipvlan\0"
        0x00, // padding

        0x14, 0x00, // length = 20
        0x02, 0x00, // type = 2 = IFLA_INFO_DATA
            0x06, 0x00, // length = 6
            0x01, 0x00, // type = 1 = IFLA_IPVLAN_MODE
            0x01, 0x00, // l3
            0x00, 0x00, // padding

            0x06, 0x00, // length = 6
            0x02, 0x00, // type = 2 = IFLA_IPVLAN_FLAGS
            0x02, 0x00, // vepa flag
            0x00, 0x00, // padding
    ];

    lazy_static! {
        static ref IPVLAN_INFO: Vec<InfoIpVlan> = vec![
            InfoIpVlan::Mode(1), // L3
            InfoIpVlan::Flags(2), // vepa flag
        ];
    }

    #[test]
    fn parse_info_ipvlan() {
        let nla = NlaBuffer::new_checked(&IPVLAN[..]).unwrap();
        let parsed = VecInfo::parse(&nla).unwrap().0;
        let expected = vec![
            Info::Kind(InfoKind::IpVlan),
            Info::Data(InfoData::IpVlan(IPVLAN_INFO.clone())),
        ];
        assert_eq!(expected, parsed);
    }

    #[test]
    fn emit_info_ipvlan() {
        let nlas = vec![
            Info::Kind(InfoKind::IpVlan),
            Info::Data(InfoData::IpVlan(IPVLAN_INFO.clone())),
        ];

        assert_eq!(nlas.as_slice().buffer_len(), 32);

        let mut vec = vec![0xff; 32];
        nlas.as_slice().emit(&mut vec);
        assert_eq!(&vec[..], &IPVLAN[..]);
    }

    #[rustfmt::skip]
    static MACVLAN: [u8; 24] = [
        0x0c, 0x00, // length = 12
        0x01, 0x00, // type = 1 = IFLA_INFO_KIND
        0x6d, 0x61, 0x63, 0x76, 0x6c, 0x61, 0x6e, 0x00, // V = "macvlan\0"
        0x0c, 0x00, // length = 12
        0x02, 0x00, // type = 2 = IFLA_INFO_DATA
            0x08, 0x00, // length = 8
            0x01, 0x00, // type = IFLA_MACVLAN_MODE
            0x04, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, // V = 4 = bridge
    ];

    lazy_static! {
        static ref MACVLAN_INFO: Vec<InfoMacVlan> = vec![
            InfoMacVlan::Mode(4), // bridge
        ];
    }

    #[test]
    fn parse_info_macvlan() {
        let nla = NlaBuffer::new_checked(&MACVLAN[..]).unwrap();
        let parsed = VecInfo::parse(&nla).unwrap().0;
        let expected = vec![
            Info::Kind(InfoKind::MacVlan),
            Info::Data(InfoData::MacVlan(MACVLAN_INFO.clone())),
        ];
        assert_eq!(expected, parsed);
    }

    #[test]
    fn emit_info_macvlan() {
        let nlas = vec![
            Info::Kind(InfoKind::MacVlan),
            Info::Data(InfoData::MacVlan(MACVLAN_INFO.clone())),
        ];

        assert_eq!(nlas.as_slice().buffer_len(), 24);

        let mut vec = vec![0xff; 24];
        nlas.as_slice().emit(&mut vec);
        assert_eq!(&vec[..], &MACVLAN[..]);
    }

    #[rustfmt::skip]
    static MACVLAN_BC: [u8; 48] = [
        0x0c, 0x00, // length = 12
        0x01, 0x00, // type = 1 = IFLA_INFO_KIND
        0x6d, 0x61, 0x63, 0x76, 0x6c, 0x61, 0x6e, 0x00, // V = "macvlan\0"
        0x24, 0x00, // length = 36
        0x02, 0x00, // type = 2 = IFLA_INFO_DATA
            0x08, 0x00, // length = 8
            0x01, 0x00, // type = IFLA_MACVLAN_MODE
            0x02, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, // V = 2 = vepa

            0x08, 0x00, // length = 8
            0x07, 0x00, // type = IFLA_MACVLAN_BC_QUEUE_LEN
            0xe8, 0x03, 0x00, 0x00, // value 1000

            0x08, 0x00, // length = 8
            0x08, 0x00, // type = IFLA_MACVLAN_BC_QUEUE_LEN_USED
            0xe8, 0x03, 0x00, 0x00, // value 1000

            0x08, 0x00, // length = 8
            0x09, 0x00, // type = IFLA_MACVLAN_BC_CUTOFF
            0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, // value = -1 (signed two's complement)
    ];

    lazy_static! {
        static ref MACVLAN_INFO_BC: Vec<InfoMacVlan> = vec![
            InfoMacVlan::Mode(2), // vepa
            InfoMacVlan::BcQueueLen(1000),
            InfoMacVlan::BcQueueLenUsed(1000),
            InfoMacVlan::BcCutoff(-1),
        ];
    }

    #[test]
    fn parse_info_macvlan_bc() {
        let nla = NlaBuffer::new_checked(&MACVLAN_BC[..]).unwrap();
        let parsed = VecInfo::parse(&nla).unwrap().0;
        let expected = vec![
            Info::Kind(InfoKind::MacVlan),
            Info::Data(InfoData::MacVlan(MACVLAN_INFO_BC.clone())),
        ];
        assert_eq!(expected, parsed);
    }

    #[test]
    fn emit_info_macvlan_bc() {
        let nlas = vec![
            Info::Kind(InfoKind::MacVlan),
            Info::Data(InfoData::MacVlan(MACVLAN_INFO_BC.clone())),
        ];

        assert_eq!(nlas.as_slice().buffer_len(), 48);

        let mut vec = vec![0xff; 48];
        nlas.as_slice().emit(&mut vec);
        assert_eq!(&vec[..], &MACVLAN_BC[..]);
    }

    lazy_static! {
        static ref XFRMTUN_INFO: Vec<InfoXfrmTun> = vec![
            InfoXfrmTun::IfId(4), // ifid
        ];
    }
    #[rustfmt::skip]
    static XFRMTUN: [u8; 24] = [
        9, 0, 1, 0,  120,102,114,109,
        0, 0, 0, 0,   12,  0,  2,  0,
        8, 0, 2, 0,    4,  0,  0,  0
    ];
    #[test]
    fn emit_info_xfrmtun() {
        let nlas = vec![
            Info::Kind(InfoKind::Xfrm),
            Info::Data(InfoData::Xfrm(XFRMTUN_INFO.clone())),
        ];

        assert_eq!(nlas.as_slice().buffer_len(), 24);

        let mut vec = vec![0xff; 24];
        nlas.as_slice().emit(&mut vec);
        assert_eq!(&vec[..], &XFRMTUN[..]);
    }

    #[rustfmt::skip]
    static MACVLAN_SOURCE_SET: [u8; 84] = [
        0x0c, 0x00, // length = 12
        0x01, 0x00, // type = 1 = IFLA_INFO_KIND
        0x6d, 0x61, 0x63, 0x76, 0x6c, 0x61, 0x6e, 0x00, // V = "macvlan\0"
        0x48, 0x00, // length = 72
        0x02, 0x00, // type = 2 = IFLA_INFO_DATA
            0x08, 0x00, // length = 8
            0x03, 0x00, // type = 3 = IFLA_MACVLAN_MACADDR_MODE
            0x03, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, // V = 3 = set

            0x34, 0x00, // length = 52
            0x05, 0x00, // type = 5 = IFLA_MACVLAN_MACADDR_DATA
                0x0a, 0x00, // length = 10
                0x04, 0x00, // type = 4 = IFLA_MACVLAN_MACADDR
                0x22, 0xf5, 0x54, 0x09, 0x88, 0xd7, // V = mac address
                0x00, 0x00, // padding

                0x0a, 0x00, // length = 10
                0x04, 0x00, // type = 4 = IFLA_MACVLAN_MACADDR
                0x22, 0xf5, 0x54, 0x09, 0x99, 0x32, // V = mac address
                0x00, 0x00, // padding

                0x0a, 0x00, // length = 10
                0x04, 0x00, // type = 4 = IFLA_MACVLAN_MACADDR
                0x22, 0xf5, 0x54, 0x09, 0x87, 0x45, // V = mac address
                0x00, 0x00, // padding

                0x0a, 0x00, // length = 10
                0x04, 0x00, // type = 4 = IFLA_MACVLAN_MACADDR
                0x22, 0xf5, 0x54, 0x09, 0x11, 0x45, // V = mac address
                0x00, 0x00, // padding
            0x08, 0x00, // length = 8
            0x01, 0x00, // Type = 1 = IFLA_MACVLAN_MODE
            0x10, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, // V = 16 = source
    ];

    lazy_static! {
        static ref MACVLAN_SOURCE_SET_INFO: Vec<InfoMacVlan> = vec![
            InfoMacVlan::MacAddrMode(3), // set
            InfoMacVlan::MacAddrData(vec![
                                 InfoMacVlan::MacAddr([0x22, 0xf5, 0x54, 0x09, 0x88, 0xd7,]),
                                 InfoMacVlan::MacAddr([0x22, 0xf5, 0x54, 0x09, 0x99, 0x32,]),
                                 InfoMacVlan::MacAddr([0x22, 0xf5, 0x54, 0x09, 0x87, 0x45,]),
                                 InfoMacVlan::MacAddr([0x22, 0xf5, 0x54, 0x09, 0x11, 0x45,]),
            ]),
            InfoMacVlan::Mode(16), // source
        ];
    }

    #[test]
    fn parse_info_macvlan_source_set() {
        let nla = NlaBuffer::new_checked(&MACVLAN_SOURCE_SET[..]).unwrap();
        let parsed = VecInfo::parse(&nla).unwrap().0;
        let expected = vec![
            Info::Kind(InfoKind::MacVlan),
            Info::Data(InfoData::MacVlan(MACVLAN_SOURCE_SET_INFO.clone())),
        ];
        assert_eq!(expected, parsed);
    }

    #[test]
    fn emit_info_macvlan_source_set() {
        let nlas = vec![
            Info::Kind(InfoKind::MacVlan),
            Info::Data(InfoData::MacVlan(MACVLAN_SOURCE_SET_INFO.clone())),
        ];

        assert_eq!(nlas.as_slice().buffer_len(), 84);

        let mut vec = vec![0xff; 84];
        nlas.as_slice().emit(&mut vec);
        assert_eq!(&vec[..], &MACVLAN_SOURCE_SET[..]);
    }

    #[test]
    fn parse() {
        let nla = NlaBuffer::new_checked(&BRIDGE[..]).unwrap();
        let parsed = VecInfo::parse(&nla).unwrap().0;
        assert_eq!(parsed.len(), 2);
        assert_eq!(parsed[0], Info::Kind(InfoKind::Bridge));
        if let Info::Data(InfoData::Bridge(nlas)) = parsed[1].clone() {
            assert_eq!(nlas.len(), BRIDGE_INFO.len());
            for (expected, parsed) in BRIDGE_INFO.iter().zip(nlas) {
                assert_eq!(*expected, parsed);
            }
        } else {
            panic!(
                "expected  Info::Data(InfoData::Bridge(_) got {:?}",
                parsed[1]
            )
        }
    }

    #[test]
    fn emit() {
        let nlas = vec![
            Info::Kind(InfoKind::Bridge),
            Info::Data(InfoData::Bridge(BRIDGE_INFO.clone())),
        ];

        assert_eq!(nlas.as_slice().buffer_len(), 424);

        let mut vec = vec![0xff; 424];
        nlas.as_slice().emit(&mut vec);
        assert_eq!(&vec[..], &BRIDGE[..]);
    }

    #[rustfmt::skip]
    static VLAN: [u8; 68] = [
        0x09, 0x00, // length = 9
        0x01, 0x00, // type = 1 = IFLA_INFO_KIND
            0x76, 0x6c, 0x61, 0x6e, 0x00, // V = "vlan\0"
            0x00, 0x00, 0x00, // padding
        0x38, 0x00, // length = 56
        0x02, 0x00, // type = 2 = IFLA_INFO_DATA
            0x06, 0x00, // length - 6
            0x01, 0x00, // type = 1 = IFLA_VLAN_ID
                0x4b, 0x00, // id = 0x4b = 75
                0x00, 0x00, // padding
            0x10, 0x00, // length = 16
            0x03, 0x00, // type = 3 = IFLA_VLAN_EGRESS_QOS_MAPPING
                0x0c, 0x00, // length = 12
                0x01, 0x00, // type = 1 = IFLA_VLAN_QOS_MAPPING
                    0x03, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, // from = 3
                    0x04, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, // to = 4
            0x1c, 0x00, // length = 44
            0x04, 0x00, // type = 4 = IFLA_VLAN_INGRESS_QOS_MAPPING
                0x0c, 0x00, // length = 12
                0x01, 0x00, // type = 1 = IFLA_VLAN_QOS_MAPPING
                    0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, // from = 0
                    0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, // to = 1
                0x0c, 0x00, // length = 12
                0x01, 0x00, // type = 1 = IFLA_VLAN_QOS_MAPPING
                    0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, // from = 1
                    0x02, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, // to = 2
    ];

    lazy_static! {
        static ref VLAN_INFO: Vec<InfoVlan> = vec![
            InfoVlan::Id(75),
            InfoVlan::EgressQos(vec![VlanQosMapping::Mapping {
                from: 3,
                to: 4
            }]),
            InfoVlan::IngressQos(vec![
                VlanQosMapping::Mapping { from: 0, to: 1 },
                VlanQosMapping::Mapping { from: 1, to: 2 }
            ]),
        ];
    }

    #[test]
    fn parse_info_vlan() {
        let nla = NlaBuffer::new_checked(&VLAN[..]).unwrap();
        let parsed = VecInfo::parse(&nla).unwrap().0;
        let expected = vec![
            Info::Kind(InfoKind::Vlan),
            Info::Data(InfoData::Vlan(VLAN_INFO.clone())),
        ];
        assert_eq!(expected, parsed);
    }

    #[test]
    fn emit_info_vlan() {
        let nlas = vec![
            Info::Kind(InfoKind::Vlan),
            Info::Data(InfoData::Vlan(VLAN_INFO.clone())),
        ];

        assert_eq!(nlas.as_slice().buffer_len(), VLAN.len());

        let mut vec = vec![0xff; VLAN.len()];
        nlas.as_slice().emit(&mut vec);
        assert_eq!(&vec[..], &VLAN[..]);
    }

    #[rustfmt::skip]
    static VXLAN: [u8; 32] = [
        0x0a, 0x00, // length = 10
        0x01, 0x00, // type = 1 = IFLA_INFO_KIND
            0x76, 0x78, 0x6C, 0x61, 0x6E, // V = "vxlan\0"
            0x00, 0x00, 0x00, // padding
        0x14, 0x00, // length = 20
        0x02, 0x00, // type = 2 = IFLA_INFO_DATA
            0x08, 0x00, // length - 8
            0x01, 0x00, // type = 1 = IFLA_VXLAN_ID
                0x0A, 0x00, // id = 0x0A = 10
                0x00, 0x00, // padding
        0x06, 0x00, // length = 6
        0x0F, 0x00, // type = 15 = IFLA_VXLAN_PORT
            0x12, 0xB5, // port = 4789
            0x00, 0x00 // padding
    ];

    lazy_static! {
        static ref VXLAN_INFO: Vec<InfoVxlan> =
            vec![InfoVxlan::Id(10), InfoVxlan::Port(4789),];
    }

    #[test]
    fn parse_info_vxlan() {
        let nla = NlaBuffer::new_checked(&VXLAN[..]).unwrap();
        let parsed = VecInfo::parse(&nla).unwrap().0;
        let expected = vec![
            Info::Kind(InfoKind::Vxlan),
            Info::Data(InfoData::Vxlan(VXLAN_INFO.clone())),
        ];
        assert_eq!(expected, parsed);
    }

    #[test]
    fn emit_info_vxlan() {
        let nlas = vec![
            Info::Kind(InfoKind::Vxlan),
            Info::Data(InfoData::Vxlan(VXLAN_INFO.clone())),
        ];

        assert_eq!(nlas.as_slice().buffer_len(), VXLAN.len());

        let mut vec = vec![0xff; VXLAN.len()];
        nlas.as_slice().emit(&mut vec);
        assert_eq!(&vec[..], &VXLAN[..]);
    }

    lazy_static! {
        static ref VXLAN_INFO_WITH_PORT_RANGE: Vec<InfoVxlan> =
            vec![InfoVxlan::Id(10), InfoVxlan::PortRange((9000, 9050)),];
    }

    #[rustfmt::skip]
    static VXLAN_WITH_PORT_RANGE: [u8; 32] = [
        0x0a, 0x00, // length = 10
        0x01, 0x00, // type = 1 = IFLA_INFO_KIND
            0x76, 0x78, 0x6C, 0x61, 0x6E, // V = "vxlan\0"
            0x00, 0x00, 0x00, // padding
        0x14, 0x00, // length = 20
        0x02, 0x00, // type = 2 = IFLA_INFO_DATA
            0x08, 0x00, // length - 8
            0x01, 0x00, // type = 1 = IFLA_VXLAN_ID
                0x0A, 0x00, // id = 0x0A = 10
                0x00, 0x00, // padding
            0x08, 0x00, // length = 6
            0x0A, 0x00, // type = 10 = IFLA_VXLAN_PORT_RANGE
                0x23, 0x28, // min port: 9000
                0x23, 0x5a  // max port: 9050
    ];

    #[test]
    fn emit_info_vxlan_with_port_range() {
        let nlas = vec![
            Info::Kind(InfoKind::Vxlan),
            Info::Data(InfoData::Vxlan(VXLAN_INFO_WITH_PORT_RANGE.clone())),
        ];

        assert_eq!(nlas.as_slice().buffer_len(), VXLAN_WITH_PORT_RANGE.len());

        let mut vec = vec![0xff; VXLAN_WITH_PORT_RANGE.len()];
        nlas.as_slice().emit(&mut vec);
        assert_eq!(&vec[..], &VXLAN_WITH_PORT_RANGE[..]);
    }

    #[test]
    fn parse_info_vxlan_with_port_range() {
        let nla = NlaBuffer::new_checked(&VXLAN_WITH_PORT_RANGE[..]).unwrap();
        let parsed = VecInfo::parse(&nla).unwrap().0;
        let expected = vec![
            Info::Kind(InfoKind::Vxlan),
            Info::Data(InfoData::Vxlan(VXLAN_INFO_WITH_PORT_RANGE.clone())),
        ];
        assert_eq!(expected, parsed);
    }

    #[rustfmt::skip]
    static MACSEC: [u8; 120] = [
        0x0b, 0x00, // L = 11
        0x01, 0x00, // T = 1 (IFLA_INFO_KIND)
        0x6d, 0x61, 0x63, 0x73, 0x65, 0x63, 0x00, // V = "macsec"
        0x00, // padding

        0x6c, 0x00, // L = 108
        0x02, 0x00, // T = 2 (IFLA_INFO_DATA)

        0x0c, 0x00, // L = 16
        0x01, 0x00, // T = 1 (IFLA_MACSEC_SCI)
        0x76, 0x83, 0x22, 0x9e, 0xd6, 0xfd, 0x00, 0x0b, // V = 792912632635097974

        0x05, 0x00, // L = 5
        0x03, 0x00, // T = 3 (IFLA_MACSEC_ICV_LEN)
        0x10, // V = 16
        0x00, 0x00, 0x00, // padding

        0x0c, 0x00, // L = 16
        0x04, 0x00, // T = 4 (IFLA_MACSEC_CIPHER_SUITE)
        0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x01, 0x00, 0x02, 0x80, 0x00, // V = MACSEC_DEFAULT_CIPHER_ID

        0x05, 0x00, // L = 5
        0x06, 0x00, // T = 6 (IFLA_MACSEC_ENCODING_SA)
        0x00, // V = 0
        0x00, 0x00, 0x00, // padding

        0x05, 0x00, // L = 5
        0x07, 0x00, // T = 7 (IFLA_MACSEC_ENCRYPT)
        0x01, // V = 1
        0x00, 0x00, 0x00, // padding

        0x05, 0x00, // L = 5
        0x08, 0x00, // T = 8 (IFLA_MACSEC_PROTECT)
        0x01, // V = 1
        0x00, 0x00, 0x00, // padding

        0x05, 0x00, // L = 5
        0x09, 0x00, // T = 9 (IFLA_MACSEC_INC_SCI)
        0x01, // V = 1
        0x00, 0x00, 0x00, // padding

        0x05, 0x00, // L = 5
        0x0a, 0x00, // T = 10 (IFLA_MACSEC_ES)
        0x00, // V = 0
        0x00, 0x00, 0x00, // padding

        0x05, 0x00, // L = 5
        0x0b, 0x00, // T = 11 (IFLA_MACSEC_SCB)
        0x00, // V = 0
        0x00, 0x00, 0x00, // padding

        0x05, 0x00, // L = 5
        0x0c, 0x00, // T = 12 (IFLA_MACSEC_REPLAY_PROTECT)
        0x00, // V = 0
        0x00, 0x00, 0x00, // padding

        0x05, 0x00, // L = 5
        0x0d, 0x00, // T = 13 (IFLA_MACSEC_VALIDATION)
        0x02, // V = 2 (MACSEC_VALIDATE_STRICT)
        0x00, 0x00, 0x00, // padding

        0x05, 0x00, // L = 5
        0x0f, 0x00, // T = 15 (IFLA_MACSEC_OFFLOAD)
        0x00, // V = 0 (MACSEC_OFFLOAD_OFF)
        0x00, 0x00, 0x00 // padding
    ];

    lazy_static! {
        static ref MACSEC_INFO: Vec<InfoMacSec> = vec![
            InfoMacSec::Sci(792912632635097974),
            InfoMacSec::IcvLen(16),
            #[allow(deprecated)]
            InfoMacSec::CipherSuite(MacSecCipherId::DefaultGcmAes128),
            InfoMacSec::EncodingSa(0),
            InfoMacSec::Encrypt(1),
            InfoMacSec::Protect(1),
            InfoMacSec::IncSci(1),
            InfoMacSec::Es(0),
            InfoMacSec::Scb(0),
            InfoMacSec::ReplayProtect(0),
            InfoMacSec::Validation(MacSecValidation::Strict),
            InfoMacSec::Offload(MacSecOffload::Off),
        ];
    }

    #[test]
    fn parse_info_macsec() {
        let nla = NlaBuffer::new_checked(&MACSEC[..]).unwrap();
        let parsed = VecInfo::parse(&nla).unwrap().0;
        let expected = vec![
            Info::Kind(InfoKind::MacSec),
            Info::Data(InfoData::MacSec(MACSEC_INFO.clone())),
        ];
        assert_eq!(expected, parsed);
    }

    #[test]
    fn emit_info_macsec() {
        let nlas = vec![
            Info::Kind(InfoKind::MacSec),
            Info::Data(InfoData::MacSec(MACSEC_INFO.clone())),
        ];

        assert_eq!(nlas.as_slice().buffer_len(), MACSEC.len());

        let mut vec = vec![0xff; MACSEC.len()];
        nlas.as_slice().emit(&mut vec);
        assert_eq!(&vec[..], &MACSEC[..]);
    }
}